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1、EnglishRhetoricBySongPingfengChapterSevenPhoneticFiguresofSpeech7.1Introduction7.2Alliteration(押头韵)7.3Assonance(押元音韵)7.4Consonance(押辅音韵)7.5Onomatopoeia(拟声)7.6Aposiopesi(话语中断法)7.7Apostrophe(呼语)7.8Pun(双关)ContentsofThisChapter27.1Introduction(1)Alllangua
2、geshavesound.Oratorsinancienttimesknewhowtousethesoundsoftheirlanguageformaximumrhetoricaleffect,andclassicalrhetorichadanumberofsounddevicesbasedonthe“echoing”ortherhymingofsounds.ModernEnglishhasinheritedsomeofthesedevices.Thesedevicesarealsocalledp
3、honeticfiguresofspeech.(2)AgoodknowledgeofsomeEnglishphoneticfiguresofspeechishelpfulnotonlytostudentsofEFLaswriters,butalsoasreadersofEnglisharticles.(3)ThebasicfeaturesofEnglishsounds:Englishsoundsareclassifiedphoneticallyintovowelsandconsonants,and
4、thepronunciationofwordsisdonebycombinationsofvowelsandconsonants.Thevowelsandconsonantsnotonlyhavephoneticqualities,butalsohavesomesensoryqualities,whichsuggestcertainimpressions.3Forexample:Theshort,lax,spreadvowel/i/issupposedtoconveybright,light,fl
5、eet,happyimpression,asin:Spring,thesweetSpring,istheyear’spleasantking;Thenbloomseachthing,thenmaidsdanceinaring,Colddothnotsting,theprettybirdsdosing.(T.Nash:“Spring”)2)Thesounds/ɑ:/and/o/areconsideredmorepleasanttotheears,asforexamplein“doll”,“holid
6、ay”,“lark(嬉戏,玩乐)”,“dance”,“hearty”,etc.3)Mostpeoplefeelthattheconsonants/k/,/g/andtheirclusters/kl/,/kr/,/gl/,/gr/aresuggestiveofunpleasantnessorugliness,asin“kick”,“kill”,“clack(唠叨,喋喋不休)”,“crack”,“groan”,“glut(暴食:过量地吃或过度耽溺于,沉湎于)”,“haggle(讨价还价,争论不休)”,
7、“anger”,etc.47.2Alliteration(押头韵)Definition:ThewordalliterationderivesfromLatin,meaning“repeatingandplayinguponthesameletter”.Therefore,alliterationistherepetitionofinitialconsonantintwoormorewords.Itisaveryoldrhetoricaldevice,andthefirstfiguresofspee
8、chadoptedinEnglish.(2)Applicableareas:InPoetryInproseInnewspaperheadingsInproverbsIntonguetwistersInadvertisementsandslogans5E.g.InproseNexttohealth,heart,home,happinessformobileAmericansdependsupontheautomobile.Weshouldnotdemean贬低ourdemocracy