软件体系结构汇总课件.ppt

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1、SoftwareArchitecture提要引言软件体系结构概念作用描述基于体系结构的软件开发体系结构设计软件产品线(个人研究：自省动态体系结构)NosilverbulletFrederickP.Brooks,Jr.ThereIsNothingNewUndertheSUN.Ecclesiastes1:9-14引言“Architecture”一词与建筑有关（“DesignPattern”也从建筑领域借用）引用GradyBooch的几张PPT:ArchitectingadoghouseCanbebuiltbyonepersonRequiresMinimalmod

2、elingSimpleprocessSimpletoolsArchitectingahouseBuiltmostefficientlyandtimelybyateamRequiresModelingWell-definedprocessPowertoolsModelingahouseArchitectingahighriseEarlyarchitectureProgress-LimitedknowledgeoftheoryModernarchitectureProgress-Advancesinmaterials-AdvancesinanalysisScal

3、e-5timesthespanofthePantheon-3timestheheightofCheopsForcesincivilarchitectureAvoidingfailure-Safetyfactors-Redundancy-EquilibriumCompressionLoadTensionLoadKindsofloads-Deadloads-Liveloads-DynamicloadsAnytimeyoudepartfromestablishedpractice,maketentimestheeffort,tentimestheinvestiga

4、tion.Especiallyonaverylargeproject.-LeMessuierDimensionsofsoftwarecomplexityHighertechnicalcomplexity-Embedded,real-time,distributed,fault-tolerant-Custom,unprecedented,architecturereengineering-HighperformanceLowertechnicalcomplexity-Mostly4GL,orcomponent-based-Applicationreengine

5、ering-InteractiveperformanceHighermanagementcomplexity-Largescale-Contractual-Manystakeholders-“Projects”Lowermanagementcomplexity-Smallscale-Informal-Singlestakeholder-“Products”DefenseMISSystemDefenseWeaponSystemTelecomSwitchCASEToolNationalAirTrafficControlSystemEnterpriseIS(Fa

6、milyofISApplications)CommercialCompilerBusinessSpreadsheetISApplicationDistributedObjects(OrderEntry)SmallScientificSimulationLarge-ScaleOrganization/EntitySimulationAnaveragesoftwareproject:-5-10people-10-15monthduration-3-5externalinterfaces-Someunknowns&risksEmbeddedAutomotiveSo

7、ftwareISApplicationGUI/RDB(OrderEntry)WalkerRoyceForcesinSoftwareTechnologychurnOurenemyiscomplexity,andit’sourgoaltokillit.JanBaanPerformanceThroughputCapacityAvailabilityFailsafeFaulttoleranceFunctionalityCostCompatibilityResilienceThechallengeoverthenext20yearswillnotbespeedorco

8、storperformance;itwillbeaq