《软件体系结构》PPT课件

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1、软件体系结构体系结构评审ArchitecturalReviews孙志岗sun@hit.edu.cnArchitecturalReviewsArchitecturalreviewsareakeystepinarchitecture-baseddevelopment.Theyincludeamethod(suchasSAAMorATAM),butthefullpracticeincludesmorethanthat.体系结构评审是开发过程中的一个重要环节。有专门的评审方法(SAAM、ATAM)，但在实践中

2、并不仅仅是这些Wewilldiscusscost/benefitsofarchitecturalreviewsdifferentarchitecturalreviewtechniquespreconditionsforanarchitecturalreviewarchitecturalreviewactivitiesoutputsfromanarchitecturalreview9/6/20212©sun@hit.edu.cnCostsofArchitecturalReviewsTherearethreed

3、ifferenttypesofcostsofholdingregulararchitecturalreviews.directstaffcosts直接员工开销organizationaloverhead组织管理开销indirectstaffcosts间接员工开销9/6/20213©sun@hit.edu.cnExamplesofDirectStaffCostsAT&T300full-scalereviewsdoneonprojectsof700staff-daysorlonger全面评审了300个项

4、目，每个项目的开发时间都是700人日以上averagecostperreview:70staffdays每次评审的平均开销：70人日RationalSoftware30reviewsdoneonprojectswithatleast500KSLOCeach评审了30个项目，每个项目最少500KSLOCaveragecostperreview:$50,000评审平均花费：$50,0009/6/20214©sun@hit.edu.cnExamplesofDirectStaffCostsSAAMevalua

5、tions12reviewsdoneonprojectsrangingfrom100KSLOCto1,000KSLOC12次评审，项目规模从100KSLOC到1,000KSLOCaveragecostperreview:14to20staff-days平均花费：14到20人日ATAMevaluations12reviewsdoneonprojectsrangingfrom250KSLOCto2,500KSLOC12次评审，项目规模从250KSLOC到2,500KSLOCaveragecostperre

6、view:40to70staffdays平均花费：40到70人日9/6/20215©sun@hit.edu.cnExampleofOrganizationalOverheadCostsofestablishingacorporatereviewunit建立评审组的开销managementoverheadcommunicationexpensesstaffingtheunit给评审组配备人手relocatingpersonneltoacentrallocationtraining9/6/20216©su

7、n@hit.edu.cnExampleofIndirectStaffCostsUsingseniordesignersforevaluationsinsteadofdesigning让高级设计人员参与评审而不是设计lossofproductivity(duetoreassignmentofsuperiordesigners)生产力的下降(高级设计师被委派新任务)timespenttrainingstaffinreviewtechniques培训员工评审技术的时间消耗9/6/20217©sun@hit.

8、edu.cnBenefitsofArchitecturalReviewsFivedifferenttypesofbenefitsresultfromholdingarchitecturalreviews.financialforcespreparationforreview为评审做准备也是一种推动力earlydetectionofproblems尽早地发现问题validationofrequirements