十年高考真题分类汇编（2010年-2019年） 英语 专题22 科普类说明文阅读理解 试题精选及解析.doc

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1、十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题22科普类说明文阅读理解(2010﹒安徽﹒阅读理解B)Haveyoueverwondered?1.Whydoairplanestakelongertoflywestthaneast?Itcantakefivehourstogowest-eastfromNewYork(NY)toLondonbursevenhourstotraveleast-westfromLondontoNY.Thereasonforthedifferenceisanatmosphericphenomenonknownasthejet(喷射)stream.Thejetstr

2、eamisaveryhighaltitudewindwhichalwaysblowsfromthewesttotheeastacrosstheAtlantic.Theplanesmovingataconstantairspeedthusgofasterinthewest-eastdirectionwhentheyaremovingwiththewindthanintheoppositedirection.2.WhatwouldhappenifthegravityonEarthwassuddenlyturnedoff?Supposingwecouldmagicallyturnoffgravi

3、ty.Wouldbuildingsandotherstructures(建筑物)floataway?WhathappenedwoulddependonhowstronglythethingswereattachedtotheEarth.TheEarthismovingatquiteaspeed,movingatoverathousandmilesperhours.Ifyouturnsomethingaroundyourheadonastring（细绳）,itgoesaroundinacircleuntilyouletgoofthestring.Thenitfliesoffinastraig

4、htline.‘Switchingoff’gravitywouldbelikelettinggoofthestring.ThingsnotattachedtotheEarthwouldflyoffinastraightline.Peopleinbuildingswouldsuddenlyshootupwardsatagreatspeeduntiltheyhittheceiling.Mostthingsoutsidewouldflyoffintospace.60.Whatinformationcanwegetfromthefirstpassage?A.Itisjetstreamthataff

5、ectshowfastairplanesflyB.PlanesgoslowerwhentheyaremovingwiththewindC.IttakesmoretimetoflyfromNYtoLondonthanfromLondontoNYD.TheyetstreamalwaysblowsfromtheeasttothewestacrosstheAtlantic61.Theword”shoot”underlineinthe2ndpassageprobablymeans“”A.sendforB.movequicklyC.comeoutD.grrowquickly62.Itcanbeinfe

6、rredthatwithoutgravity.A.buildingsandotherstructureswouldfloatawayB.treesandbuildingswouldnoteasilyflyoffC.somethingaroundyourheadwouldnotflyawayD.everythingoutsidebuildingswouldflyoffintospace63.WherecanwemostprobablyreadinthetextA.InareseachpaperB.InashortstoryC.InatravelmagazineD.Inastudent’sbo

7、ok【解析】本文是科普说明文，主要介绍了飞机为什么向西面飞比向东面飞花的时间更长的原因是气流的方向．从纽约飞往伦敦要花5个小时，而从伦敦飞往纽约则要花7小时．花费时间不同的原因大气现象，喷射气流是一个高空风，这种喷射气流总是穿过太平洋上空从西往东吹．还介绍了没有了地球引力会发生什么．地球以一种极快的速度移动，一个小时会移动超过1000英里，地球引力消失就会像松开甩动的细绳一样，在建筑里的人们将会突然以一种极快的速度被发射