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1、2019-2020年高考英语真题分类汇编专题16科普类说明文1.【xx·湖北卷】DTheoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Herearesomeexamples.Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmsout,the
2、yfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronautthelookofafunnyballed（芭蕾）dancer.“I’maninsideguy,”MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation.“Iliketobewrappedup.”Onthestation,theordinarybeesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastrona
3、utshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.Withnogravity,it’sjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicroputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbondioxideyouexhale(呼
4、气)hasatendencytoformaninvisible（隐形的）cloudaroundyouhead.Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflights,describeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyourseat,”Yourinnerearthinksyour’refalling.Meanwhileyoureye
5、saretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying—that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick.”Withinacoupledays—trulyterribledaysforsome—astronauts’brainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblyd
6、angerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass.That’swhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronautsreturnhome,and,mor
7、eimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars.63.Whatisthemajorchallengetoastronautswhentheysleepinspace?A.DecidingonapropersleeppositionB.ChoosingafortablesleepingbagC.SeekingawaytofallasleepquicklyD.Findi
8、ngarighttimetogotosleep.64.Theastronautswillsufferfromacarbon-dioxideheadachewhen_____. A.theycirclearo
