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时间:2020-06-20
《嘎拉苹果新梢和果实的生长发育动态及相关性.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、贵州农业科学2014,42(9):179~183GuizhouAgriculturalSciences[文章编号]1001—3601(2014)09—0552—0179—05嘎拉苹果新梢和果实的生长发育动态及相关性金方伦,敖学熙,黎明,韩成敏,杨李娟,徐琼,罗会贤(贵州省蚕业辣椒研究所,贵州遵义563006)[摘要]为给苹果适时施肥和果实适期采收提供理论依据,并为制定科学的栽培技术和管理措施提供参考。定期调查了6~7年生嘎拉苹果新梢和果实生长发育动态及其相关性。结果表明:1)新梢生长从3月中旬开始,生长期达126d,在整个生长过程中出现2~
2、5次生长高峰期,其中,伸长生长3~4次,叶片生长2~3次,加粗生长3~5次。2)果实生长从4月上旬花谢幼果期开始,9月上旬停长,生长期达126~133d,果实纵横径在整个生长过程中出现次3~5次生长高峰。果实成熟时,纵径为(6.49±1.23)cm,横径为(7.02±1.26)em,果形指数为0.92,果实近圆形,果表底色为绿色,果皮颜色为紫红色+粉红色。3)果实生长量和新梢生长量曲线均为上升单曲线,新梢生长比果实提前2~3周,6月10日以后,新梢加粗生长与果实生长一致;果实净生长量有明显的4~5次生长高峰,其生长曲线多呈s型,而新梢生长的
3、净生长量有3~5次生长高峰,其中,伸长生长3次,生长曲线呈双S型,加粗生长的净生长量有5次,生长曲线呈多S型。4)4月下旬为最佳施肥时期,建议头年加强水肥管理的同时,在果梢生长旺期加强根外追肥,缓解养分竞争。[关键词]苹果;新梢;果实;生长发育[中图分类号]$311[文献标识码]AGrowthDynamicandCorrelationofNewShootsandFruitsofGalaAppleJINFanglun,AOXuexi,LIMing,HANChenming,YANGLijuan,XUQun,LUOHuixian(GuizhouI
4、nstituteofSericultureandPepper,Zunyi,Guizhou563006,China)Abstract:ThegrowthdynamicandcorrelationofnewshootsandfruitsofGalaapplewith6~7yearsoldwerestudiedtoprovidethetheoretica1basisformakingscientificcultivationtechniqueandmanagementmeasuresofOalaapple.Newshootsgrowinthemi
5、ddletendaysofMarchanditsgrowthduringisupto126days,Thereare2~5growthpeaksduringthewholegrowthprocess,ofwhich,3~4peaksforelongationgrowth,2~3peaksforleafgrowthand3~5peaksfordiameterincrement.Thefruitsgrowfromthefirstten—dayperiodofApriltothefirstten—dayperiodofSeptemberandth
6、ewholegrowthprocessreaches126~133days.Thereare3~5growthpeaksinthewholefruitgrowthprocess.Thefruitlongitudinaldiameterandtransversediameteris(6.49土1.23)cmand(7.O2±1.26)cmrespectively.Theindexoffruitshapeis0.92.Thebottomcolorandpericarpcoloroffruitswithnearroundshapeisgreena
7、ndpurplered+pinkseparately.Theincrementsoffruitsandnewshootsbothshowthesinglerisingcurves.Newshootsgrow2~3weeksearlierthanfruits.Thediameterincrementofnewshootsisnotdifferentwithfruitgrowthafter10th,June.Thereare4~5growthpeaksinnetgrowthoffruitsandthegrowthcurvepresentsSty
8、pe.Thereare3~5growthpeaksinnetgrowthofnewshoots,ofwhich,3growthpeaksforelongationgrowthof
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