3、单一征象诊断率>68%。最可靠是支气管气象)肺实质感染的细菌学证据VAP的临床诊断标准NeworprogressiveradiographicinfiltrateAtleast2of3clinicalfeaturesfever>38℃leukocytosis(>12,000/ul)orleukopenia,purulentsecretionssensitivityis69%,specificityis75%(尸检)Thorax. Oct 1999;54(10):867-73说明:1.上述标准敏感性高,但特异性很低2.上述4条+氧合水平+痰