气象专业英语4.ppt

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1、UnitFour:TheGreenhouseEffect第四课温室效应Newwords:Triple三倍于quadruple四倍于NationalAcademyofScience国家科学院Impact影响effectFeedback反馈annual每年的Seasonal每季的Expand扩展extendspreadAntarctic南极洲Greenland格陵兰Flood洪水泛滥Bangladesh孟加拉BayofBengal孟加拉湾(BOB)Timely定时的，及时的Zone区域regionInfraredradiation红外辐射Climaticfeedba

2、ck气候反馈Snowcover雪盖Etal.等等（人）etc.等等（物）4567辐射物体以电磁波或粒子流形式向周围传递或交换能量的方式。电磁波谱辐射的基本知识辐射是太阳能传输到地球的唯一途径大气窗:7~13大气中的辐射传输过程大气对短波的影响吸收散射反射吸收逆辐射大气对长波的影响ppm:partpermillionP1:①Manisreversingmillionsofyearsofnaturalevolutionbyputtingintotheatmospherecarbonthathadbeensequesteredovertheagesasfossilfue

3、ls.②AtmosphericconcentrationsofCO2arelikelytodouble,andpossiblytriple,by2100.③Becausenohistoricalprecedentexists,reasonableexpectationsaboutfutureclimatemustbebasedonscientificevidence,notgeologicalrecords.④Afterevaluatingtheavailableevidence,theNationalAcademyofSciencesconcludedthata

4、doublingofatmosphericconcentrationsofCO2wouldwarmtheearth’saveragetemperature1.5-4.5℃.P2:①Thegreenhouseeffectoftheatmospherehasneverbeendoubted.②Moreofthesun’sradiationisvisiblelight,whichpassesthroughtheatmospherelargelyundeterred.③Whentheradiationstrikestheearth,itwarmsthesurface,wh

5、ichthenradiatestheheatasinfraredradiation.However,atmosphericCO2,watervapor,andsomeothergasesabsorbtheinfraredradiationratherthanallowittopassundeterredlythroughtheatmospheretospace.④Becausetheatmospheretrapstheheatandwarmstheearthinamannersomewhatanalogoustotheglasspanelsofagreenhous

6、e,thisphenomenonisgenerallyknownasthe“greenhouseeffect”.Withoutthiseffect,theearthwouldbe33℃(60℉)colderthatitiscurrently.P3:①TheextenttowhichCO2absorbsheathasbeenknownforalmostacentury,ScientistsshowthatdoublingofatmosphericCO2wouldraisetheaveragetemperature1.2℃ifnothingelseintheearth

7、’sclimaticsystemchanged.②However,manypartsoftheclimatewillchange,amplifyingthedirectimpactofCO2.③Becausethesechangesarenotcompletelyunderstood,thetotalwarmingisdifficulttoestimate.④ThecurrentuncertaintysurroundingtheimpactofCO2onaveragetemperatureiscenteredaroundtheseclimatic“feedback

8、”,not