爱尔兰的政治与经济unit 12.ppt

《爱尔兰的政治与经济unit 12.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、IrelandPolitics＆economypoliticsThepresidentThegovernmentparliamentVotingandreferendaThecivilserviceIrishlegalsystem1.Irelandisarepresentativedemocracy.preview2.ThestructureofIrishgovernment--theIrishRepublichasaPrimeMinister(Taoiseach)andaDeputyPrimeMinister(appointsacabinettoexecutethedailybus

2、inessofgovernment).TheParliament(Dail)enactsalllegislationforthecountry.(Thislegislationisinterpretedbyahierarchyofcourts.)Thelawsareenforcedbyanunarmedpoliceforce,calledtheGardaSiochana(GuardiansofthePeace).ThegovernmentisheadedbyaPresident,whoiselecteddirectlybythepeople.3.Thesystemofgovernme

3、ntisbasedontheAmericanprincipleof"checksandbalances".AboutThePresidentUndertheConstitution,thePresident(Uachtaran)iselectedbythedirectvoteofthepeople.Everycitizenof35yearsofageoroveriseligibletorunforPresident.EverycitizenwhohastherighttovoteinatanelectionformembersoftheIrishParliamentalsohasth

4、erighttovoteatanelectionForPresident.TheincumbentPresidentofIrelandisMichaelDanielHiggins(MicheálD.ÓhUigínn).ThePresident'stermofofficeis7years.APresidentcanbereelectedonceonly.ThePresidentactsasasymbolicHeadofStateonlyanddoesnothaveExecutivefunctions.AndinitssymbolicfunctiontheIrishPresidencyp

5、erhapsisnearertothestatusofthepresentQueeninEnglandthantothatofthePresidentoftheUS.TheConstitutioncangivethePresidentcertainpowersthatmakethePresidentineffecttheGuardianoftheConstitution.(Forinstance,thePresidentmayundercertaincircumstancesreferanyproposedlegislationtotheSupremeCourtforadecisio

6、nastowhetheritcontainsanythingrepugnanttotheConstitution.)ThePresidenthasonepowerwhichmayrequireexercisinghisorherabsolutediscretion.ThisallowsthePresidenttorefusetodissolvetheDailontheadviceofaTaiseachwhohasceasedtoretainthesupportofamajorityintheDail.Part2--GovernmentTheexecutivepowersoftheSt

7、ateareexercisedby,orontheauthorityof,theGovernment.TheConstitutionprovidesthattheGovernmentshallconsistofnotlessthan7andnotmorethan15members:allmustbeelectedmembersoftheIrishParliament.TheGovernmentactscollectivelyandisresponsible