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时间:2020-03-19
《初中英语宾语从句讲解.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、宾语从句一、定义:宾语从句是在复合句中起宾语作用的从句。根据引导词的不同,宾语从句又可分为:以从属连词that引导的宾语从句、已从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句、以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。1、that引导的宾语从句由that引导的宾语从句大多由陈述句充当。从属连词that无实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,此时从句的成分齐全,句意明确,在口语和非正式文体中that可以省略。I’mextremelysorrythatIhavelostyourbook.We’reallpleasedthatwehaveonceagai
2、novercomethedifficulty.Doyouthink(that)itwillrain?Weknow(that)weshouldstudyhard.2、whether或if引导的宾语从句Whether/if引导的从句可视为直接引语为一般疑问句转变为间接引语而成,其语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序,从句前加上连词whether或if。(1)可用whether/if的情况通常whether/if引导动词后的宾语从句时可通用。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhe’llarriveintime.Iamwonderingw
3、hether/iftheywouldbelieveinme.Iaskedhimwhether/ifhehadfinishedallhishomework.(2)只能用whether,不能用if的情况A、引导介词的宾语从句时I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgoshopping.I’mnotinterestedinwhethershe’llbeinvited.B、与ornot直接连用时Ican’tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.Idon’tknowwhetherornottheyw
4、illcometohelpus.Iwonderwhetherornotweshouldmakeitclearthatwe’velostthisgame.C、宾语从句提前时WhethertheywilljoinintheWinterCampIdon’tcare.3、连接代词引导的宾语从句宾语从句可由连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which等引导,它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等,因此不能省略。DoyouknowwhowillteachusEnglishterm?(作主语)Didyouhearwhatshe
5、said?(作宾语)Idon’tknowwhosethefootballis.(作表语)Couldyoutellmewhichbookisbetter?(作定语)4、连接副词引导的宾语从句宾语从句可由连接副词when,where,how,why及“how+形容词/副词”短语等引导,它们在宾语从句中作状语等,不可省略。Wedidn’tknowwhenyouusuallygotoschool.Iwanttoknowwhereheboughtthiscup.CanyoutellmehowIgettothebusstation?Please
6、explainwhyyouwerelateforclassagain.“How+形容词/副词”短语主要有howold,howmany,howmuch,howlong,howoften,howfar,howsoon等。Doyouknowhowoldyourfatheristhisyear?二、重点考点1、宾语从句的语序无论宾语从句是从属连词还是连接代词或连接副词引导,引导词总是位于从句句首,从句用陈述语序。Iamwonderingifyoucouldhelpme.Heaskedmewhenweshouldstartoutthenext
7、day.Didyoufindoutwhereshelosthercar?2、宾语从句的时态宾语从句谓语动词的时态常常受到主句谓语动词的影响,因而在使用时要注意主从句两部分的时态,一般遵循以下原则:(1)主句为现在时态或将来时态时主句如果是现在时或将来时,从句可用任何所需要的时态,不受主句时态的限制和影响。Iknowyoudon’tknowwhatithinkatall.Iknowhedidn’ttellyouthathewouldcomethen.I’llletyouknowwhetherI’llcomeornotdirectlyI
8、checkmyplan.(2)主句为过去时态时主句如果是过去时态,从句一般要用与过去时态相关的时态。Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhichcountryh
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