冠状病毒Coronavirusl论文-2011 [Advances in Virus Research] Volume 81 __ Coronavirus Pathogenesis.pdf

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1、CHAPTER4CoronavirusPathogenesis†SusanR.Weiss*andJulianL.LeibowitzContentsI.Introduction86II.GenomeandVirion87III.Coronavirus-InducedDiseases89A.MHVpathogenesis89B.SARS-CoVpathogenesis94IV.CoronavirusReverseGenetics99A.Targetedrecombination100B.Reversegeneticsystemsthatreg

2、eneratevirusfromcDNA101V.StructuralProteins107A.Spikeprotein(S)107B.Smallmembrane(E)protein114C.Membrane(M)protein117D.Hemagglutinin-esterase(HE)119E.Nucleocapsidprotein(N)andInternal(I)proteins122VI.ReplicaseProteins123A.Nsp12polymeraseandNsp8primase123B.Nsp13helicase124

3、C.Nsp1protein124D.Nsp3protein128E.Nsp14protein129F.Nsp15protein131G.Nsp16protein133VII.MHVAccessoryProteins135A.ns2protein135B.ns4protein(s)136C.ns5aprotein136*DepartmentofMicrobiology,UniversityofPennsylvania,PerelmanSchoolofMedicine,Philadelphia,USA{DepartmentofMicrobia

4、landMolecularPathogenesis,TexasA&MHSCCollegeofMedicine,CollegeStation,Texas,USAAdvancesinVirusResearch,Volume81#2011ElsevierInc.ISSN0065-3527,DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-385885-6.00009-2Allrightsreserved.8586SusanR.WeissandJulianL.LeibowitzVIII.SARSAccessoryProteins137A.orf6137

5、B.orf3b138C.orf7a138IX.ConclusionsandFutureDirections139Acknowledgments140References140AbstractCoronavirusesinfectmanyspeciesofanimalsincludinghumans,causingacuteandchronicdiseases.Thisreviewfocusesprimarilyonthepathogenesisofmurinecoronavirusmousehepatitisvirus(MHV)andse

6、vereacuterespiratorycoronavirus(SARS-CoV).MHVisacollectionofstrains,whichprovidemodelssystemsforthestudyofviraltropismandpathogenesisinseveralorganssystems,includingthecentralnervoussystem,theliver,andthelung,andhasbeencitedasprovidingoneofthefewanimalmodelsforthestudyofc

7、hronicdemyelinatingdiseasessuchasmultiplesclerosis.SARS-CoVemergedinthehumanpopulationinChinain2002,causingaworldwideepidemicwithseveremorbidityandhighmortalityrates,particularlyinolderindividuals.Wereviewthepathogenesisofbothvirusesandtheseveralreversegeneticssystemsthat

8、mademuchofthesestudiespossible.Wealsoreviewthefunctionsofcoronavirusproteins,structural,enzymati