宾语从句讲解与练习.docx

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1、宾语从句讲解与练习一.宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when

2、,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。if、whether一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whether…ornot句式只用whe

3、ther例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.Idon’tknow________(是否)hewillcometomypartyornot.练习:将下列各句变为陈述句语序Issheawork

4、er?Willtheydoit?Canyouanswerthisquestion?Whosepenisit?Arethereanypensonthedesk?DoyouspeakEnglish?Doesheplayfootball?Howareyou?Whatareyoudoing?Whyareyousolate?Wheredoyoulive?HowoldareyouWhatdoesshelikebest?What’swrongwithKate?三.宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如

5、：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhattheyboughtinthemallyesterday.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPete

6、r.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.【中考范例】1MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2009.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whe

7、reshelived2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame3.Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave【单项选择练习题】1.Iheareasy.A．thatmathisn'tB

8、．ifmathisn'tC．whatmathisD．thatmath2.Shetoldmeherteacher.A.MrGreenisB.thatMrGreenisC.ifMrGreenwasD.MrGreenwas3.Doyouknowtotha