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1、浅谈肩锁关节损伤郭维内容概括1概述2应用解剖3损伤机制4分型5影像学检查6临床表现7诊断8治疗概述1肩锁关节损伤临床较为常见,约占全身关节脱位的4%,肩部损伤脱位12%;2治疗方法多,未达成共识;3治疗并发症多。应用解剖Salter等认为在锁骨远端切除术中,如截骨量<11mm则不会损伤斜方韧带,<24mm则不会损伤锥形韧带。应用解剖受伤机制1直接暴力肩外侧直接着地,造成肩锁韧带,喙锁韧带损伤。严重时造成斜方肌和三角肌止点处肌纤维破裂.受伤机制2间接暴力上肢伸展位摔倒,手部着地,外力传导,肩胛骨上移牵拉损伤肩锁韧带分
2、型Tossy分型TossyJD,MeadNC,SigmondHM.Acromioclavicularseparations:usefulandpracticalclassificationfortreatment.ClinOrthopRelatRes1963;28:111–9.Rockwood分型RockwoodCAJr.Injuriestotheacromioclavicularjoint.In:In:RockwoodCAJr,GreenDP.Fracturesinadults,vol1,2nded.Philad
3、elphia:JBLippincott;1984.p860-910Rockwood分型RockwoodCAJr.Injuriestotheacromioclavicularjoint.In:In:RockwoodCAJr,GreenDP.Fracturesinadults,vol1,2nded.Philadelphia:JBLippincott;1984.p860-910Pauly等人发现在严重的肩锁关节损伤患者中,有15%(6例/40例)的肩关节合并损伤发生率,合并损伤全部发生在V型肩锁关节脱位病例中。Rockw
4、ood分型RockwoodCAJr.Injuriestotheacromioclavicularjoint.In:In:RockwoodCAJr,GreenDP.Fracturesinadults,vol1,2nded.Philadelphia:JBLippincott;1984.p860-910PaulyS,GerhardtC,HaasNP,ScheibelM.Prevalenceofconcomitantintraarticularlesionsinpatientstreatedoperativelyforhi
5、gh-gradeacromioclavicularjointseparations.KneeSurgSportsTraumatolArthrosc.2009May;17(5):513-7.Epub2008Nov20为了诊断锁骨向后移位的VI型肩锁关节损伤,需要拍摄腋位X线XinningLi;RichardMa.ManagementofacromioclavicularjointinjuriesTheJournalofBoneandJointSurgery.AmericanVolume.2014,96/A(1)Roc
6、kwood分型RockwoodCAJr.Injuriestotheacromioclavicularjoint.In:In:RockwoodCAJr,GreenDP.Fracturesinadults,vol1,2nded.Philadelphia:JBLippincott;1984.p860-910Rockwood分型XinningLi;RichardMa.ManagementofacromioclavicularjointinjuriesTheJournalofBoneandJointSurgery.Ameri
7、canVolume.2014,96/A(1)影像学检查拍摄X检查时使用的放射剂量应为肩关节常规检查一半。Zanca位检查可以准确的显露肩锁关节。应力X线片检查可以鉴别II型损伤和III型损伤XinningLi;RichardMa.ManagementofacromioclavicularjointinjuriesTheJournalofBoneandJointSurgery.AmericanVolume.2014,96/A(1)X线:Zanca位X线(X光机球管向头侧倾斜10°-15°)由于肩锁关节解剖结构上的不同
8、,可以在同一X线片上显示双侧Zanca位肩锁关节进行对比ZancaP.Shoulderpain:involvementoftheacromioclavicularjoint.(Analysisof1,000cases).AmJRoentgenolRadiumTherNuclMed.1971Jul;112(3):493-506.13.影像学检查影像学检查应力位