Chapter7-Ocean Marine Insurance 海运保险.ppt

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1、Chapter7-OceanMarineInsuranceBySamanthaZhang1.NeedforInsuranceExportersandimportersfaceallthetimeuncertaintiesoflossoftheirgoods.Insuranceisusedtoprotecttheirfinancialinterestsagainstsuchrisksandactuallosses.Withoutadequateinsuranceandprotectionoftheinterestsofthosewithgoodsintransit,internat

2、ionaltradewouldbenegativelyaffected.2.CoverageofOceanMarineInsuranceBypurchasinginsurance,theassuredprotectshisfinancialinterestsagainstthreethings:theriskofloss,theactuallossandtheexpensesincurredtoavoidorreduceloss.(1)Riskscanbedividedintotwotypes:RisksPerilsoftheseaExtraneousrisksPerilsoft

3、heseaNaturalCalamitiesEarthquakeHeavyweatherFortuitousaccidentsFire,smoking,stranding,sinking,stranding,sinking,collisionThingstoremember:Alltheperilsmustoccuratseaandmustbebecauseofsea,otherwisetheinsurancewillnotcoverthem.Avesselintentionallysunkbyitsownerisnotanaccidentbecauseofseaandthere

4、forewillnotbecoveredbyoceaninsurance.Similarly,naturaldeteriorationandwearandteararenotperilsofseaeither.(2)LossesLossesPartialLossTotalLossTotalLossActualtotallossConstructivetotallossMarineLosses损失的种类TotalLoss全部损失ActualTotalLoss实际全损ConstructiveTotalLoss推定全损PartialLoss部分损失GeneralAverage共同海损P

5、articularAverage单独海损Actualtotalloss实际全损Theactualtotallossoccurswheretheinsuredgoodshavebeentotallylostordamaged,orfoundtobetotallyvaluelessonarrival.指保险标的物在发生保险事故后发生灭失，或者受到严重损坏完全失去原有形体、效用，或者不能再归被保险人拥有。Constructivetotalloss推定全损Constructivetotallossmeansthesubjectmatterinsuredisreasonablyabando

6、nedonaccountofitsactualtotallossappearingtobeunavoidable,orbecauseitwouldnotbepreservedfromactualtotallosswithoutanexpendituregreaterthanitsrecoveredvalue.GeneralAverage（共同海损）Generalaveragereferstoacertainspecialsacrificeandextraexpenseinternationallyincurredforthegeneralinterestsoftheship-ow

7、ner,theinsurer,andtheownersofthevariouscargosaboardtheship.ParticularAverage（单独海损）Aparticularaveragemeansthataparticularconsignmentissufferedbyonewhosegoodsarepartlylostordamaged.(受损方单独承受的部分损失）（3）ExpensesOceanmarineinsurancealsocoverssomeexpe