MBA专业术语汇总中英文.doc

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1、MBA专业术语汇总AAbility-to-payprinciple能力纳税原则TheideathattaxesshouldbeleviedonapersonaccordingtohowwellthatpersoncanshouldertheburdenAbsoluteadvantage绝对优势ThecomparisonamongproducersofagoodaccordingtotheirproductivityAggregate-demandcurve总需求曲线Acurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthath

2、ouseholds,firms,andthegovernmentwanttobuyatanypricelevelAggregate-supplycurve总供给曲线AcurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthatfirmschoosetoproduceandsellatanylevelAppreciation升值AnincreaseinthevalueofacurrencyasmeasuredbytheamountofforeigncurrencyitcanbuyAutomaticstabilizers自动稳定器C

3、hangesinfiscalpolicythatstimulateaggregatedemandwhentheeconomygoesintoarecessionwithoutpolicymakershavingtotakeanydeliberateactionAveragefixedcost平均固定成本FixedcostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragerevenue平均收益TotalrevenuedividedbythequantitysoldAveragetaxrate平均税率Totaltaxespaiddividedb

4、ytotalincomeAveragetotalcost平均总成本TotalcostdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragevariablecost平均可变成本VariablescostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAccelerator加速数theeffectonGDPoftheincreaseininvestmentthatresultsfromanincreaseinoutput.Forinstance,thegreateroutputleadsafirmtobelievethatthedemand

5、foritsproductswillriseinthefuture;theresultingincreaseininvestmentleadstogrowthinoutputandstillfurtherincreasesininvestment,acceleratingtheexpansionoftheeconomyAcquiredendowments后天禀赋resourcesacountrybuildsforitself,likeanetworkofroadsoraneducatedpopulationAdaptiveexpectations适应性预期exp

6、ectationsbasedontheextrapolationofeventsintherecentpastintothefutureaggregateexpendituresschedule总支出曲线acurvethattracesouttherelationshipbetweenexpenditures--thesumofconsumption,investment,governmentexpenditures,andnetexports--andthenationalincome,atafixedpricelevelantitrustlaws反托拉斯法l

7、awsthatdiscouragemonopolyandrestrictivepracticesandencouragegreatercompetitionarbitrage套利theprocessbywhichassetswithcomparablerisk,liquidity,andtaxtreatmentarepricedtoyieldcomparableexpectedreturnsadverseselection逆向选择principlethatsaysthatthosewhomostwanttobuyinsurancetendtobethosemos

8、tatrisk,butc