MBA专业术语汇总oc .doc

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1、MBA专业术语汇总AAbility-to-payprinciple能力纳税原则TheideathattaxesshouldbeleviedonapersonaccordingtohowwellthatpersoncanshouldertheburdenAbsoluteadvantage绝对优势ThecomparisonamongproducersofagoodaccordingtotheirproductivityAggregate-demandcurve总需求曲线Acurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservice

2、sthathouseholds,firms,andthegovernmentwanttobuyatanypricelevelAggregate-supplycurve总供给曲线AcurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthatfirmschoosetoproduceandsellatanylevelAppreciation升值AnincreaseinthevalueofacurrencyasmeasuredbytheamountofforeigncurrencyitcanbuyAutomaticstabi

3、lizers自动稳定器ChangesinfiscalpolicythatstimulateaggregatedemandwhentheeconomygoesintoarecessionwithoutpolicymakershavingtotakeanydeliberateactionAveragefixedcost平均固定成本FixedcostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragerevenue平均收益TotalrevenuedividedbythequantitysoldAveragetaxrate平均税率Tota

4、ltaxespaiddividedbytotalincomeAveragetotalcost平均总成本TotalcostdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragevariablecost平均可变成本VariablescostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAccelerator加速数theeffectonGDPoftheincreaseininvestmentthatresultsfromanincreaseinoutput.Forinstance,thegreateroutputleadsafi

5、rmtobelievethatthedemandforitsproductswillriseinthefuture;theresultingincreaseininvestmentleadstogrowthinoutputandstillfurtherincreasesininvestment,acceleratingtheexpansionoftheeconomyAcquiredendowments后天禀赋resourcesacountrybuildsforitself,likeanetworkofroadsoraneducatedpopulati

6、onAdaptiveexpectations适应性预期expectationsbasedontheextrapolationofeventsintherecentpastintothefutureaggregateexpendituresschedule总支出曲线acurvethattracesouttherelationshipbetweenexpenditures--thesumofconsumption,investment,governmentexpenditures,andnetexports--andthenationalincome,a

7、tafixedpricelevelantitrustlaws反托拉斯法lawsthatdiscouragemonopolyandrestrictivepracticesandencouragegreatercompetitionarbitrage套利theprocessbywhichassetswithcomparablerisk,liquidity,andtaxtreatmentarepricedtoyieldcomparableexpectedreturnsadverseselection逆向选择principlethatsaysthatthos

8、ewhomostwanttobuyinsurancetendtobethosemostatrisk,butc