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1、英语构词法英语构词法主要有三种：合成、派生与转化。英语构词法种类另外缩写和简写也是构词法的一种。１.合成:有两个或更多的词合成一个词。复合名词class+room=classroom(名词+名词)black+board=blackboard(形容词+名词)复合形容词warm+heart+ed=warmhearted热心肠的good+looking=good-looking相貌好看的world+wide=worldwide世界性的hard+working=hard-working努力工作的复合动词over+come=overcome克服(副词+动词)复合数词fifty+four=
2、fifty-four复合代词everyone,somebody,anything,nobody(不定代词+名词)复合副词down+stairs=downstairs在楼下(形容词+名词)whole+heartedly=wholeheartedly全神贯注地(副词+副词)2.派生:是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。happy---unhappydevelop---development前缀:一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。mis-错误的+understandv.理解---misunderstandv.误解en+largeadj.大的--
3、-enlargev.扩大en+couragen./v.勇气---encourage鼓舞，鼓励v.im-意思相反+politeadj.有礼貌的---impoliteadj.无礼貌的，粗鲁的后缀:一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。carev.照料---carefuladj.细心的workv.工作---workern.工人常见的前缀(A)表示否定的前缀：un--unfair,unhappy(常用在n.adj.adv.前)in--inactive(常用在adj.后)----inexpensivedis---disagree,disappear,dislike---impolit
4、e,impossible(B).表示错误或失误的前缀:mis--misunderstandmisdirect(误导)im常见的后缀1.动词变名词：-tioneducate--educationinvite--invitationpredict---prediction-mentdevelopmentmovementdisappointmentachievement-erteacherworkerrunnersinger-orvisitorsailoractor名词后缀补充:-ist(人,名词后缀)science--scientistterror--terrorist--ian(
5、人，名词后缀)music--musicianmagic--magician-ese(民族,语言,名词后缀)ChineseJapanese2.形容词变名词ill--illness-nessgood—goodnesshappy-happiness-ityable--abilitypossible--possibility3.名词变形容词：-y:windy,rainy,healthy,cloudy,funny,sunny-ous:dangerous,humorous-ful:helpful,careful,peaceful,colorful-less:homeless,helples
6、s,careless,useless-edsurprised,bored,excited,relaxed,interested-ingsurprising,boring,exciting,relaxing,interesting,outstanding4.变形容词-al:traditional,international,natural1.How___________(live)thestudentis!2. Look,ourdogCollyislying___________(comfort)onthegrass3.Thebrokencamerais___________(u
7、se)tothestudents.4.Shesaid_____________(serious),”Doityourself,girl!”5.Weareluckythatweliveinsucha________(peace)world.livelycomfortablyusefulseriouslypeaceful
