资源描述:
《初中宾语从句五大点讲解》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、宾语从句讲解与练习一.宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同,宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,wher
2、e,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。if、whether一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…ornot句式只用whether例如:Iwa
3、nttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.Idon’tknow________(是否)hewillcometomypartyornot.变为陈述句语序:Issheaworker?Willtheydoit?Canyou
4、answerthisquestion?Whosepenisit?Arethereanypensonthedesk?DoyouspeakEnglish?Doesheplayfootball?Howareyou?Whatareyoudoing?Whyareyousolate?Wheredoyoulive?HowoldareyouWhatdoesshelikebest?What’swrongwithKate?知识拓展:Ithink,ibelieve等后接宾语从句,如果否定的是后面的从句,一般要将主句动词改为否定形式,而从句仍然用肯定形式.这与汉语
5、的习惯不同.7Idon'tbelieveshewilltakepartintheEnglishevening.我相信她不会参加英语晚会.Idon'tthinkyoulikesports.我认为你不喜欢运动.三.宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如:Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhattheyboughtinthemallyesterday.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是
6、一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistsh
7、aveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.四.宾语从句的简化1.宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可以简化为不定式结构.Ihopethaticanreceiveyoure-mail.=ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail.2.当宾语从句的主语与从句的主语相同时,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget.learn等时,从句可以简化成"疑问词+不定式"Shedoesn'tknowwhatshes
8、houlddonext.=shedoesn'tknowwhattodo.五.宾语从句变反意疑问句如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时,变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称