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ID:45659038
大小:333.64 KB
页数:78页
时间:2019-11-15
《曼昆_经济学原理答案_英文版》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、曼昆_经济学原理答案_英文版第一章SOLUTIONSTOTEXTPROBLEMS:QuickQuizzes1.Thefourprinciplesofeconomicdecisionmakingare:(1)peoplefacetradeoffs;(2)thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit;(3)rationalpeoplethinkatthemargin;and(4)peoplerespondtoincentives.Peoplefacetradeoff
2、sbecausetogetonethingthattheylike,theyusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthingthattheylike.Thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit,notjustintermsofmonetarycostsbutallopportunitycosts.Rationalpeoplethinkatthemarginbytakinganactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefits
3、exceedthemarginalcosts.Peoplerespondtoincentivesbecauseastheycomparebenefitstocosts,achangeinincentivesmaycausetheirbehaviortochange.2.Thethreeprinciplesconcerningeconomicinteractionsare:(1)tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff;(2)marketsareusuallyagoodwaytoo
4、rganizeeconomicactivity;and(3)governmentscansometimesimprovemarketoutcomes.Tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroffbecauseitallowscountriestospecializeinwhattheydobestandtoenjoyawidervarietyofgoodsandservices.Marketsareusuallyagoodwaytoorganizeeconomicactivitybe
5、causetheinvisiblehandleadsmarketstodesirableoutcomes.Governmentscansometimesimprovemarketoutcomesbecausesometimesmarketsfailtoallocateresourcesefficientlybecauseofanexternalityormarketpower.3.Thethreeprinciplesthatdescribehowtheeconomyasawholeworksare
6、:(1)acountry’sstandardoflivingdependsonitsabilitytoproducegoodsandservices;(2)pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney;and(3)societyfacesashort-runtradeoffbetweeninflationandunemployment.Acountry’sstandardoflivingdependsonitsabilitytoproducegoods
7、andservices,whichinturndependsonitsproductivity,whichisafunctionoftheeducationofworkersandtheaccessworkershavetothenecessarytoolsandtechnology.Pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoneybecausemoremoneyincirculationreducesthevalueofmoney,causinginfl
8、ation.Societyfacesashort-runtradeoffbetweeninflationandunemploymentthatisonlytemporaryandpolicymakershavesomeabilitytoexploitthisrelationshipusingvariouspolicyinstruments.QuestionsforReview1.Examplesoftradeoffsincludetimetradeoffs(suchasstudyi
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