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1、高考冲刺语法梳理(一):形容词和副词(―)形容词和副词I.要点A.形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。如:Heishonestandhardworking.Ifoundthebookinteresting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如:Therichandthepoorliveindifferentpartsofthecity.TheEnglishliketobewiththeirfamilies.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新
2、旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如:thesecondfiveinterestingbignewredChinesewallpapers.2、形容词比较等级的形式(1)规则形式—般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加・e「;-est来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more,most.如:great-greater-greatestbusy-busier-busiestimportant-moreimportant-(the)mostimportant(2)不规则形式good(well)-better-bestbad(ill)-worse-worstmany(muc
3、h)-more-mostlittle-less-least(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than.如:Heisclevererthantheotherboys.Thisoneismorebeautifulthanthatone.②表示两者以上的比较,用”the+形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in)…”如:Heisthecleverestboyinhisclass.①表示两者是同等程度,用”as+形容词原级+as”・如:HeisastallasI.Ihaveasmanybooksasyou.①越…越…例如:ThemoreIlearn,thehappi
4、erIam.②Youcanneverbetoocareful.越小心越好又如:Youcanneverpraisetheteachertoohighly.你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。③Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.那一天是最令我担心的—天。Ihaveneverhadabetterdinner.这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。④MyEnglishisnobetterthanyours.我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。B•副词1、副词的种类(1)时间副词如:ago,before,already,just,now,early,late,finally,tomor
5、row等(2)地点副词如]:here,there,near,around,in,out,up,down,back,away,outside等。(3)方式副词如:carefully,angrily,badly,calmly,loudly,quickly,politely,nervously等。(4)程度副词如:almost,nearly,much,greatly,abit,alittle,hardly,so,very等。2、副词比较等级的用法其用法与形容词相似,只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如:Ofalltheboyshesings(the)mostbeautifully.Wemu
6、stworkharde匸3、某些副词在用法上的区别(1)already,yet,stillalready表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句Hill表示某事还在进行注要用于肯定句和疑问句有时也可用于否走句。如:We'vealreadywatchedthatfilm.Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Hestillworksuntillateeverynight.(2)too,aswell,also,eitherHedidn'tgothereeithe匸Ialsowentthere.too,aswell和als
7、o用于肯定句和疑问句,too和aswell多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。如:Hewenttheretoo.Ilikeyouaswell.(3)hard,hardlyhardly意为”几乎”与hard在词义上完全不同。如:Iworkhardeveryday.Icanhardlyrememberthat.(2)late,latelylately意为”最近、近来”,late意为”晚、迟”。如