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1、Conception,Pregnancy,andChildbirthChapter11Thismultimediaproductanditscontentsareprotectedundercopyrightlaw.Thefollowingareprohibitedbylaw:anypublicperformanceordisplay,includingtransmissionofanyimageoveranetwork;preparationofanyderivativework,includingtheextraction,i
2、nwholeorinpart,ofanyimages;anyrental,lease,orlendingoftheprogram.Copyright2008Allyn&BaconConception,Pregnancy,andChildbirthConception:AgainstAllOddsInfertilityandAssistedReproductiveTechnologyPregnancyPrenatalDevelopmentChildbirthThePostpartumPeriodCopyright2008Allyn&B
3、aconConception:AgainstAllOddsConceptionUnionofaspermcellandanovumZygote:AfertilizedovumEachejaculatecontainsanaverageof200to400millionsperm.Ovumsecretesachemicalthatattractssperm.Fertilizationnormallyoccursinafallopiantube.Ovumissurroundedbyzonapellucidawhichmustbepene
4、tratedbyspermtofertilizeit.Spermsecretetheenzymehyaluronidase,whichbrieflythinszonapellucida,enablingpenetration.Copyright2008Allyn&BaconConception:AgainstAllOddsOvacarryXsexchromosomesSpermcarryeitherXorYsexchromosomesGirlsareproducedfromunionof2XBoysareproducedfromun
5、ionofanXandaYYspermappeartobefasterswimmersMalefetusesmorelikelylostinspontaneousabortion,whichhelpsbalancethesexesSpontaneousabortion:lossofpregnancy,ofteninthefirstmonth,andsometimesbeforethewomanknowsshe’spregnantCopyright2008Allyn&BaconConception:AgainstAllOddsOpti
6、mizingtheChangesofConceptionOvumcanbefertilizedfor4-20hoursafterovulationSpermaremostactivewithin48hoursafterejaculationWaystopredictovulationBasalbodytemperature(BBT)chartAnalyzingurineorsalivaforluteinizinghormoneTrackingvaginalmucusAdditionalconsiderationsCoitusinth
7、emale-superiorpositionCopyright2008Allyn&BaconConception:AgainstAllOddsSelectingtheSexofYourChild(?)Reasonstoselect:PersonalpreferenceFamilybalancingAvoidanceofsex-linkeddiseasesFolkloreprovidesmanytechniquesSelectiveabortionInfanticideCopyright2008Allyn&BaconConceptio
8、n:AgainstAllOddsSelectingtheSexofYourChild(?)Sperm-separationproceduresPreimplantationgeneticdiagnosis(PGD)Iscurrentl