定语从句讲课

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1、定语从句TheAttributiveClauseThefuturebelongstothosewhobelieveinthebeautyoftheirdreams.1定义：用作定语的从句叫做定语从句Doyouknowthescientistwhogaveusthetalkthisafternoon?2位置：通常置于它所修饰的名词（或代词）之后3先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词Doyouknowthescientistwhogaveusthetalkthisafternoon?4关系词/引导词（关系代词和关系副词）：

2、位于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成份关系代词（指人：who,whom,that;指物：that,which;whose,that既可指人，又可指物）在定语从句中不是作主语、宾语便是作定语；关系副词（when,where,why）则是作状语II.关系代词先行词关系代词用：在定从中充当的成分主/宾人/物物whose=ofwhom/which定语人whowhom宾that主/宾主/宾which人/物▲关系代词当宾语时，可省略。II.关系副词先行词关系副词用：在定从中充当的成分

3、时间名词地点名词when=at/in/onwhich时间状语地点状语where=at/in/onwhich原因名词why=forwhich原因状语noun/pronoun++定从先行词(人/物)I’vereadallthebooks(that)youlentme.Whoisthegirlthattalkedtoyouyesterday?注：非限制性定语从句I’vereadallthebooks,whichyoulentme.限制性定从基本形式：关系代词关系副词结构比较1.人（n.)+that/who+从句比较：一位漂

4、亮的女孩abeautifulgirl形容词做定语agirlthat/whoisbeautiful从句做定语(girl是先行词）2.物(n.)+that+从句比较：一本有趣的书aninterestingbook形容词做定语abookthatisveryinteresting从句做定语(book是先行词)定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。Iprefermoviesthatarescary.Ilikeasandwichthatisreallydelicious.Ilovethesingerthatisbeaut

5、iful.Ihaveafriendthatplayssports.1.LinHuilikesbooksthat_____short.2.Ihaveafriendthat_____thepianowell.3.Ilikepeoplewho_____interesting.4.Myparentsprefermusicthat___quiet.5.Roselovesfoodsthat_____unusual.6.Welikemusicianswho_____loudmusic.areareisareplayplaysFil

6、lineachblank.UsetheproperverbsThebookwhichIreadlastnightwasinteresting.（which，作宾语）IneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametotheGreatWall.（when,作时间状语）Doyouknowthescientistwhogaveusthetalkthisafternoon?(who,作主语）Thistheplacewherehewasborn.（where，作地点状语）Wedon’tknowthereason

7、whyhecamelate.（why,作原因状语）IknowaladywhosehusbandisaNobelPrizewinner.(whose,作定语）Whothat在从句中可担任:1.主语2.宾语Ilovesingers.Singerswritetheirownsongs.Ilovesingerswho/thatwritetheirownsongs.who在从句中用作主语。Heistheman.Imetthemanyesterday.Heisthemanwho/whom/thatImetyesterday.w

8、ho在从句中用作宾语。（whom在从句中指人只作宾语成分）关系词的成分比较：指人Ilikemusic.Icandancetomusic.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.that在从句中用作宾语。Ipreferasandwich.Asandwichisreallydelicious.Ipreferasandwichthatis