资源描述：
《山东省枣庄市山亭区2017届高三英语4月阶段性自测试题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、山东省枣庄市山亭区2017届高三英语4月阶段性自测试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解ALargerbrainsizelinkedtolongerlifeindeerThesizeofafemaleanimals"brainmaydeterminewhethertheylivelongerandhavemorehealthyoffspring（后代），accordingtonewresearchledbytheUniversityofCambridge.Thestudy,publishedintheRoyalSocietyOpenScieneejournal,s
2、howsthatfemalereddeerwithlargerbrains1ivelongerandhavemoresurvivingoffspringthanthosewithsmallerbrains・Brainsizeispasseddownthroughthegenerations.Thisisthefirstextensivestudyofindividualdifferencesinbrainsizeinwildmammalsanddrawsondatacomparingsevengenerationsofdeer.Acrossspeciesofmamm
3、als,brainsizevarieswidely.Thisisthoughttobeaconsequenceofspecificdifferencesinthebenefitsandcostsofalargerbrain.Mammalswithlargerbrainsmay,forexample,havegreatercognitiveabilitiesthatcnablethemtoadaptbettertoenvironmentalchangesortheymayhavelongerlifespans（寿命）・Buttheremayalsobedisadvan
4、tages:forinstance,largerbrainsrequiremoreenergy,soindividualsthatpossessthemmayshowreducedferti1ity（繁殖力）.Theresearchers,basedattheUniversityofCambridge^sZoologyDepartmentandEdinburghUniversitysInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,wantedtotestiftheycouldfindmoredirectgoneticornon-geneticevidc
5、nceofthecostsandbonefitsoflargebrainsizebycomparingtheIongevity（长寿）andsurvivalofindividualsofthesamespecieswithdifferentsizedbrains.Usingtheskul1sof1,314wildreddeerwhose1ifehistoriesandbreedingsuccesshadbeenmonitoredinthecourseofaIong-termstudyontheIsleofRum,theyfoundthatfemaleswithlar
6、gerendocranialvolumes（脑腔容量）livedIongerandproducedmoresurvivingoffspringinthecourseoftheirlives・LeadauthorDrCorinaLogan,aGatesCambridgeScholar,says,“Thereasonsfortheassociationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevityarenotknown,butotherstudieshavesuggestedthat1argerbrainsareaconsequeneeofthelonger-
7、1ivedspecieshavinglongerdevelopmentalperiodsinwhichthebraincangrow・Thesehypotheses（假设）weregeneratedfromcross-speciescorrelations;however,testingsuchhypothesesrequiresinvestigationsatthewithin-spocicslevel,whichiswhatwedid・”DrLoganadds,"Wefoundthatsomeofthecross-speciespredictionsabou
