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时间:2019-09-25
《大气污染控制工程第二、三章习题解答》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、第二章作业习题解答2.1解:1kg燃油含:重量(g)摩尔数(g)需氧数(g)C85571.2571.25H113-2.555.2527.625S100.31250.3125H2O22.51.250N元素忽略。1)理论需氧量71.25+27.625+0.3125=99.1875mol/kg设干空气O2:N2体积比为1:3.78,则理论空气量99.1875×4.78=474.12mol/kg重油。即474.12×22.4/1000=10.62m3N/kg重油。烟气组成为CO271.25mol,H2O55.25+11.25=56.5
2、0mol,SO20.1325mol,N23.78×99.1875=374.93mol。理论烟气量71.25+56.50+0.3125+374.93=502.99mol/kg重油。即502.99×22.4/1000=11.27m3N/kg重油。2)干烟气量为502.99-56.50=446.49mol/kg重油。SO2百分比浓度为,空气燃烧时CO2存在最大浓度。3)过剩空气为10%时,所需空气量为1.1×10.62=11.68m3N/kg重油,产生烟气量为11.267+0.1×10.62=12.33m3N/kg重油。2.2解:相
3、对于碳元素作如下计算:%(质量)mol/100g煤mol/mol碳C65.75.4751H3.23.20.584S1.70.0530.010O2.30.0720.013灰分18.13.306g/mol碳水分9.01.644g/mol碳故煤的组成为CH0.584S0.010O0.013,燃料的摩尔质量(包括灰分和水分)为。燃烧方程式为n=1+0.584/4+0.010-0.013/2=1.14951)理论空气量;SO2在湿烟气中的浓度为2)产生灰分的量为烟气量(1+0.292+0.010+3.78×1.1495+1.644/18
4、)×1000/18.26×22.4×10-3=6.826m3/kg灰分浓度为mg/m3=2.12×104mg/m33)需石灰石/t煤2.3解:按燃烧1kg煤计算重量(g)摩尔数(mol)需氧数(mol)C79566.2566.25H31.12515.56257.78S60.18750.1875H2O52.8752.940设干空气中N2:O2体积比为3.78:1,所需理论空气量为4.78×(66.25+7.78+0.1875)=354.76mol/kg煤。理论烟气量CO266.25mol,SO20.1875mol,H2O15.5
5、625+2.94=18.50molN2总计66.25+`8.50+0.1875+280.54=365.48mol/kg煤实际烟气量365.48+0.2×354.76=436.43mol/kg煤,SO2浓度为。2.4解:取1mol煤气计算H2S0.002mol耗氧量0.003molCO20.05mol0CO0.285mol0.143molH2(0.13-0.004)mol0.063molCH40.007mol0.014mol共需O20.003+0.143+0.063+0.014=0.223mol。设干空气中N2:O2体积比为3.
6、78:1,则理论干空气量为0.223×(3.78+1)=1.066mol。取,则实际干空气1.2×1.066mol=1.279mol。空气含湿量为12g/m3N,即含H2O0.67mol/m3N,14.94L/m3N。故H2O体积分数为1.493%。故实际空气量为。烟气量SO2:0.002mol,CO2:0.285+0.007+0.05=0.342mol,N2:0.223×3.78+0.524=1.367mol,H2O0.002+0.126+0.014+1.298×1.493%+0.004=0.201mol故实际烟气量0.00
7、2+0.342+1.367+0.201+0.2×1.066=2.125mol2.5解:1)N2%=1-11%-8%-2%-0.012%=78.99%由《大气污染控制工程》P46(2-11)空气过剩2)在测定状态下,气体的摩尔体积为;取1m3烟气进行计算,则SO2120×10-6m3,排放浓度为。3)。4)。2.6解:按1kg煤进行计算重量(g)摩尔数(mol)需氧数(mol)C75863.1763.17H40.7520.37510.19S160.50.5H2O83.254.6250需氧63.17+10.19+0.5=73.86
8、mol设干空气中N2:O2体积比为3.78:1,则干空气量为73.86×4.78×1.2=423.66mol,含水423.66×0.0116=4.91mol。烟气中:CO263.17mol;SO20.5mol;H2O4.91+4.625+20.375=29.91mol;N2:
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