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页数:5页
时间:2019-09-25
《英语句子成分和句型结构》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解:(一)句子成分1.主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名词)Helikesdancing.(代词)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalll
2、ikeatree.(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)找出下列句中的主语:Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.(名词)Shewentoutinahurry.(代词)Fourplusfouriseight.(数词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Smokingisbadforhealth.(动名词)Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.(名词化的形容词)Whathehassaidistrue.(句子)2.谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawthefl
3、agonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancing.找出下列句中的谓语(注:只有动词才可作谓语。):1.WeloveChina.2.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.3.HecanspeakEnglish.4.Sheseemstired.3.表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.(名词)Seve
4、nty-four!Youdon’tlookit.(代词)Fiveandfiveisten.(数词)Heisasleep.(形容词)Hisfatherisin.(副词)Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容词化的分词)Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表语从句)★(常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来,sm
5、ell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来),remain(保持,仍是),feel(感觉)...Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.找出下列句中的表语。1.Iamateacher.2.Theyareontheplayground.3.MyjobisteachingEnglish.4.Itgetscold
6、.5.Itsoundsinteresting.4.宾语:1)动作的承受者-----及物动词或介词的宾语IlikeChina.(名词)Hehatesyou.(代词)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(数词)Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(宾语从句)2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow
7、,therearemanyrocks.3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.指出下面句子的间接宾语和直接宾语:pleasepassmethebook.Heboughthisgirlfriendsomeflowers.找出下列句子的宾语部分:1.Weoftenhelphim.2.Helikestoplaybasketball.3.Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.4.Sh
8、esaidthathefeltsick.5.Theyaretalkingabou
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