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1、CENTENNIALFORUMCulturalGeography:GlancesBackwardandForwardYi-FuTuanDepartmentofGeography,UniversityofWisconsin-MadisonnthecourseofcelebratingAAGscentenary,theencyclopediastandatanhonoredplaceinthelivingquestionofprogressisboundtoarise.Noonecanroom?Whofixedthefu
2、rnaceandwhocookedthemeal?IdoubtthatimpressiveprogresshasbeenmadeinWhohadthelastwordinfamilydisputes?Ashortstoryphysicalgeography.Canthesamebesaidofourdisci-ornovelmighttellus,butnot(sofarasIknow)aworkplineshumancomponentculturalgeography?Theinculturalgeography
3、.Asforfactories,geographersofmyanswerisagainyes,andyeseveninthefiftyyearsgenerationmighthavealottosayabouttheirlocation,thatIhavebeenageographer.Forexample,pasteffortsproducts,andevenoutwardappearance,yetalmosttostudytheregioncannowseemincrediblynaive.Asnothing
4、tosayabouttheconditionsofworkwithin:theundergraduates,myfellowstudentsandIwastedmuchnoise,heatorcold,thestressofkeepingupwiththetimeandenergytryingtocapturethepersonalityofamachines,therelationshipbetweenmanagementandregionbyrunningthroughachecklistthatbeganwi
5、thworkforce,menandwomen,andsuchlike,thatmadehard-rockgeologyandendedwithhumansettlementsupafactorysinteriorgeography.(Ogilvie1928).ThemoretheoreticallyinclinedamongIturnedtotheintimate,microscalemyselfwhenIusstruggledtodrawdefinitiveboundariesaroundare-wroteDom
6、inanceandAffection:TheMakingofPets(Tuangion,asthoughitwereapurelyobjectiveentityrather1984).Ratherthanfollowmainlineresearch,whichwasthanacollageofgeography,memory,andsentiment,andisoverwhelminglydirectedathowpeoplehaveweldedtogetherandburnishedbyartandideolog
7、y,transformednatureforreasonsoflivelihoodandprofit,Iwhichisprettymuchhowweseearegionnow(Murphylookedathowpeoplehavetransformednatureinto1991;Paasi2003).Andthat,tome,isprogress.playthingsorpets.IdidsobecauseIthoughtIcouldexposethecomplexityandsubtletyofthehuman
8、willtoMicroscale:InteriorSpaceandPetspowermoreeffectivelythatway.Focusingonsmall,in-dividualobjects,asIhavedoneinthestudyofpets,orAnotherareaofprogressisscale.Culturalgeography,oni