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时间:2019-09-08
《中国历史文化概况(英文版)Unit3LanguageandCulture》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Unit3LanguageandCulture学习任务整体上掌握TextA和TextB两篇文章的内容,包括背景资料,单词,相关专有名词等。完成TextA和TextB的课后题目。浏览TextC。TextALanguageofChina导读:狭义的中国话即为汉语,是全球华人的母语,以北京话为源发展的语言。在台湾地区,又称国语。在新加坡、马来西亚等地又称华语。汉语是世界主要语言之一。属汉藏语系,是这个语系里最主要的语言。产生于中国中部,定型于汉朝,最初是汉民族的通用语,后来发展成为中华民族的共同语。除了中国以外,汉语还分布在新加坡、马来西亚等地。以汉语为母语的人大约有13亿(30
2、00万人作为第二语言)。汉语是联合国的工作语言之一。Notes:1.Cantonese(粤语):ItisaChinesedialectspokeninandaroundthecityofGuangzhouinSouthernChina,bythemajoritypopulationofHongKongandMacau,andasalinguafrancaofGuangdongprovince,easternGuangxiprovince,andsomeneighbouringareas.ItisusedinHongKongandMacauastheofficialspoken
3、languageofgovernmentandinstructioninschools.ItisspokenbysomeofoverseasChinesecommunitiesinCanada,theUnitedStatesandAustralia,aswellasthroughoutEuropeandSoutheastAsia,beingthemostwidelyspokendialectandalinguafrancainmanyofthesecommunities.2.Mandarin(国语):ItisaofficialstandardizedlanguageofChi
4、nabasedontheBeijingdialect,oneofthefourofficiallanguagesofSingapore,andoneofthesixofficiallanguagesoftheUnitedNations.Hokkien(闽南语):isagroupofmutuallyintelligibleMinNanChinesedialectsspokenbymanyoverseasChinesethroughoutSoutheastAsia.ItsoriginatedfromthesamedialectinsouthernFujianandismutual
5、lyintelligiblewiththeHokkieninTaiwan.ItiscloselyrelatedtoTeochew,thoughmutualcomprehensionisdifficult,andsomewhatmoredistantlyrelatedtoHainanese.TheAmoyandTaiwaneseprestigedialectareconsideredstandards.MiddleEast(中东):isaregionthatencompassesWesternAsiaandNorthernAfrica.Itisoftenusedasasynon
6、ymforNearEast,inoppositiontoFarEast.ThecorrespondingadjectiveisMiddle-EasternandthederivednounisMiddle-Easterner.ThehistoryoftheMiddleEastdatesbacktoancienttimes,andthroughoutitshistory,theMiddleEasthasbeenamajorcentreofworldaffairs.Whendiscussingancienthistory,however,thetermNearEastismore
7、commonlyused.TheMiddleEastisalsothehistoricaloriginofmajorreligionssuchasJudaism,Christianity,andIslam.TheMiddleEastgenerallyhasanaridandhotclimate,withseveralmajorriversprovidingforirrigationtosupportagricultureinlimitedareas.Manycountrieslocatedaroundt
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