微生物复习题具答案0

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1、Test1:DevelopmentofMicrobiologyMultiple-choice:1.Thefundamentalunitofalllivingorganismsisthe:A.membraneB・cellC.nucleusD.cellwall2.Organismsthatdonotcontainatruenucleusarereferredtoas:A.fungiB.eukaryoticC.prokaryoticD.nankaryohc3.Thethreekingdomclassificationsystemoforganismswasp

2、roposedby:A.PasteurB.BaconC.Winogradsky

3、P・Woese4.Fungidifferfrombacteriainanumberofcharacteristics・Thecellwallsinfungiarecomposedof,whilethecellwallsofbacteriaarecomposedofpeptidoglycanA・chitinB・phospholipidsC・proteinD.glucosamine5.Thefirstmicroscopesweredevelopedby:A.EhrlichB.M

4、etchnikoff

5、C.LeewenhoekD.Lister6.Theterm"antibiotic"means:A.asubstanceproducedbythelaboratorythatkillsorinhibitsothermicroorganismsB.asubstanceproducedbymicroorganismsthatkillsorinhibitsmolds

6、C.asubstanceproducedbymicroorganismthatkillsorinhibitsothermicroorganismsD・asubstancepr

7、oducedbymicroorganismsthatkillsorinhibitscancercells7.Thegeneticmaterialofabacteriaislocatedinthemolecule:A・RNAB.DNAC.proteinD.lipidFILLINBLANKS:1・Organismsthatcontainatruenucleusarecalledeukaryotic2.Bacteriadonothaveatruenucleusandareconsidered「prokaryotic3・Bacteriacanbedivided

8、intotwogroups,the^archaeaandthe_eubacte「ia_・4.anaerobesareorganismsthatcangrowwithoutusingmolecularoxygen.5.MicroorganismsthatcansynthesizecomplexorganiccompoundsfromCO?arecalledautotroph•6.「phototrophsaremicroorganismsthatobtaintheirenergytosynthesizeorganiccompoundsfromlight.7

9、.Heterotrophrequireorganiccompoundsforgrowth・8.Organismsthatsurviveonlyatveryhightemperaturesarereferredtoasthermophile,9.methanogenareorganismsthatproducemethanefromCO2.10._halophileorganismsgrowunderconditionsofhighsalinity・11.Eubacteriacanexhibitanumberofmorphologicalshapes.I

10、dentifyfour:a..sphericalorcoccib,^cylindricalorrodc._spiralsd._irregularorfilament丝状体_12.Fungi,algaeandprotozoacanbedifferentiatedfrombacteriabythefollowingcharacteristic:eukaryotic.13.Fungihavecellwallconsistingof_chitin・14.Virusesconsistofnucleicacidsurroundedbyaproteincoat.15

11、.Theprocessusedtoreducethenumberofviableorganis