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1、(3〜6页翻译)Figure1ThestudymodelforMRP,MRPIIandERPadoption图1MRP、MRPILERP通过研究模型Figure2MRPsysteminput-outputrelationshipIT采纳图2MRP系统输入-输出关系First,whileprovidingsignificantimprovementsincustomerservicecomparedtowhatoldinventorymanagementsystemsoffered,MRPissimplybuiltaroundthebill-of-materials(BOM)proces
2、sinmanufacturing.AsanimportantinputtotheMRPsystem,theBOMdatamustbeaccurate,anduptodatetoproducevalidoutputsfromthesystem(Wight,1981).TheoutputsoftheMRPsystemaretheninputtoCRP,whichisthefunctionofdeterminingcapacitiesrequiredbyworkcentersperiodicallyintheshort-to-mediumrangetomeettheproductiongoa
3、l.However,theBOMmaintainedbytheengineeringdepartmentisoftennotusableforMRPwithoutacertainamountofmodification(Odenetal.,1993).ThisdatamodificationmaycauseinaccuracyofCRP,anddeterMRP'sabilitytoreachitsfullpotential.第一,同时提供显著改善相比老库存管理系统提供的客户服务,MRP只是被围绕在制造材料清单(BOM)过程。MRP系统的重要投入,作为物料清单数据必须准确,并与时俱进,有
4、效产出从系统(Wightz1981年)。MRP系统的产出然后输入CRP,这是确定能力工作中心定期在短期到中期范围内应付生产目标所需的功能。然而,由工程部维护BOM是改性的通常不用于MRP没有一定量(Odenetal.,1993年)。这一数据修改可能会导致不准确的CRP,并阻止MRP的能力,充分发挥其潜力。Second,asignificantviolationofdeterministicfinishedgoodsrequirementsistypicallyassociatedwithintermittentmanufacturingandmade-to-ordercontexts.
5、Thisisdue,forexample,touncertaintyassociatedwiththevarietyofcustomdesignsandtheunreliabilityofsalesforecasts,respectively(Vandemark,1964).Norelationshipbetweenthefinrfsmarketingstrategyandmanufacturingmethodcouldbefound(Vandemark,1964;Vollmanetal.,1997)intheMRPsystem.第二,明显违反了确定性成品要求是通常与离散制造和定制上下
6、文相关联。这是因为,例如,口定义设计的各种不确定性和不可靠的销售预测,分别(Vandemark,1964年)。该公司的营销策峪和制造方法2间没有关系可以发现(Vandemark,1964年;Vollmanetal.,1997年)在MRP系统。Inthetechnologycharacteristics,MRPlackstechnicalcapabilitiesinintegrationwithtasks(Maskell,1993).TheMRPsystemwasoriginallyrunontheIBMmainframe(Scott,1994).Itreflectscentralize
7、dcomputing,andlimitedinteractionbetweenusersanddata,andrigidfunctionswithlowlevelintegrationinafirm.MRPneedstobeintegratedwithmajorfunctionsinthefirmsothatbusinessdataarestoredonlyonce,areup-to・dateandreliable,andcanbeshared