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1、UnderstandingtheImpactofVideoQualityonUserEngagementFlorinDobrian,VyasSekarIonStoicaHuiZhangAsadAwan,DilipJoseph,IntelLabsConviva,UCBerkeleyConviva,CMUAdityaGanjam,JibinZhanConvivaABSTRACTtoincreaseinthenextfewyears[2,29].Thistrendisfueledbytheeverdecreasingcostofco
2、ntentdeliveryandtheemergenceofAsthedistributionofthevideoovertheInternetbecomesmain-newsubscription-andad-basedbusinessmodels.Premierexam-streamanditsconsumptionmovesfromthecomputertotheTVplesareNetflixwhichnowhasreached20millionUSsubscribers,screen,userexpectationfo
3、rhighqualityisconstantlyincreasing.andHuluwhichdistributesoveronebillionvideospermonth.Fur-Inthiscontext,itiscrucialforcontentproviderstounderstandifthermore,NetflixreportsthatvideodistributionovertheInternetisandhowvideoqualityaffectsuserengagementandhowtobestsignifi
4、cantlycheaperthanmailingDVDs[7].investtheirresourcestooptimizevideoquality.ThispaperisaAsvideodistributionovertheInternetgoesmainstreamanditfirststeptowardsaddressingthesequestions.Weuseauniqueisincreasinglyconsumedonbiggerscreens,users’expectationsfordatasetthatspan
5、sdifferentcontenttypes,includingshortvideoonqualityhavedramaticallyincreased:whenwatchingontheTVany-demand(VoD),longVoD,andlivecontentfrompopularvideocon-thinglessthanSDqualityisnotacceptable.Tomeetthischallenge,tentproviders.Usingclient-sideinstrumentation,wemeasur
6、equal-contentpublishersanddeliveryprovidershavemadetremendousitymetricssuchasthejointime,bufferingratio,averagebitrate,stridesinimprovingtheserver-sideandnetwork-levelperformancerenderingquality,andrateofbufferingevents.usingmeasurement-driveninsightsofrealsystems(e
7、.g.,[12,25,33,Wequantifyuserengagementbothataper-video(orview)level35])andusingtheseinsightsforbettersystemdesign(e.g.,formoreandaper-user(orviewer)level.Inparticular,wefindthattheper-efficientcaching[18]).Similarly,therehavebeenseveraluserstud-centageoftimespentinbuf
8、fering(bufferingratio)hasthelargestiesincontrolledlabsettingstoevaluatehowqualityaffectsuserex-impactontheuserengagementacrossalltypesofco