Constructions：A new theoretical approach to language

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1、ReviewTRENDSinCognitiveSciencesVol.7No.5May2003219Constructions:anewtheoreticalapproachtolanguageAdeleE.GoldbergLinguisticsDepartment,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana,IL61801-0168,USAAnewtheoreticalapproachtolanguagehasemergedinthecoreoflanguage.Mainstreamgenerativetheorythepast1015yearsthatallow

2、slinguisticobservationsarguesfurtherthatthecomplexityofcorelanguagecannotaboutformmeaningpairings,knownasconstruc-belearnedinductivelybygeneralcognitivemechanismstions,tobestateddirectly.Constructionistapproachesandthereforelearnersmustbehard-wiredwithprinciplesaimtoaccountforthefullrangeoff

3、actsaboutthatarespecifictolanguage(universalgrammar).language,withoutassumingthataparticularsubsetofthedataispartofaprivilegedcore.ResearchersinthisTenetsofconstructionistapproachesfieldarguethatunusualconstructionsshedlightonEachbasictenetoutlinedbelowissharedbymostmoregeneralissues,andcanill

4、uminatewhatisconstructionistapproaches.Eachrepresentsamajorrequiredforacompleteaccountoflanguage.divergencefromthemainstreamgenerativeapproachand,inmanyways,areturntoamoretraditionalviewofConstructionsformandmeaningpairingshavebeenlanguage.thebasisofmajoradvancesinthestudyofgrammarsinceTenet

5、1.AlllevelsofdescriptionareunderstoodtothedaysofAristotle.Observationsaboutspecificlinguisticinvolvepairingsofformwithsemanticordiscourseconstructionshaveshapedourunderstandingofbothfunction,includingmorphemesorwords,idioms,particularlanguagesandthenatureoflanguageitself.Butpartiallylexically

6、filledandfullyabstractphrasalonlyrecentlyhasanewtheoreticalapproachemergedthatpatterns.(SeeTable1)allowsobservationsaboutconstructionstobestatedTenet2.Anemphasisisplacedonsubtleaspectsofthedirectly,providinglong-standingtraditionswithaframe-wayweconceiveofeventsandstatesofaffairs.workthatallo

7、wsbothbroadgeneralizationsandmoreTenet3.Awhatyouseeiswhatyougetapproachtolimitedpatternstobeanalyzedandaccountedforfully.syntacticformisadopted:nounderlyinglevelsofsyntaxThisisincontrasttothemainstreamgenerativeapproachoranyphonologicallyemptyeleme