MarineeutrophicationandRedtide-蔡明刚

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1、MARINEENVIRONMENTALCHEMISTRYCai-MinggangContentsIntroductionPartOneMechanismsinmarinepollutionParttwoTopicsinmarinepollutionPartthreeMeasurementofbiologicalresponsetoxicityandwaterqualityassessments……ParttwoTopicsinmarinepollutionChap.2Marineoxygen-demandedorganicpollutionChap.3EutrophicationandR

2、edtideChap.4OilpollutionoftheseaChap.5MarinesyntheticorganicpollutionChap.6HeavymetalcontaminationintheseaChap.7MarineradioactivitypollutionChap.8MarineheatpollutionChap.9OthertopicsofmarinepolltionChap.3EutrophicationandRedtide3.1WhatisEutrophication?(definition)3.2WhyShouldWeBeConcerned?(harmfu

3、leffect)3.3Thenutrientinthecoastalseawater3.4Eutrophicationinthecoastalseawater3.5RedtideWhatisEutrophication?Eutrophicationisaconditioninanaquaticecosystemwherehighnutrientconcentrationsstimulatebloomsofalgae(e.g.,phytoplankton).------EPATheotherdefinition"theenrichmentofwaterbynutrientsespecia

4、llycompoundsofnitrogenandphosphorus,causinganacceleratedgrowthofalgaeandhigherformsofplantlifetoproduceanundesirabledisturbancetothebalanceoforganismsandthequalityofthewaterconcerned.“——bytheEuropeanCommissionWhyShouldWeBeConcerned?Althougheutrophicationisanaturalprocessintheagingoflakesandsomees

5、tuaries,humanactivitiescangreatlyaccelerateeutrophicationbyincreasingtherateatwhichnutrientsandorganicsubstancesenteraquaticecosystemsfromtheirsurroundingwatersheds.Agriculturalrunoff,urbanrunoff,leakingsepticsystems,sewagedischarges,erodedstreambanks,andsimilarsourcescanincreasetheflowofnutrient

6、sandorganicsubstancesintoaquaticsystems.Thesesubstancescanoverstimulatethegrowthofalgae,creatingconditionsthatinterferewiththerecreationaluseoflakesandestuaries,andthehealthanddiversityofindigenousfish,plant,andanimalpopulations.PollutionFromAgriculturalRunoffEutrophicationBODandEutrophication-ra

7、pidsuccessioninabodyofwaterbecauseofanincreaseinbiologicalproductivity.(Oligotrophiclakesandrivershaveclearwaterandlowbiologicalproductivity).Algalbloomshurtthesystemintwoways.First,theycloudthewaterandblocksunlight,ca