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1、JournalofEnvironmentalScienceandHealth,PartAToxic/HazardousSubstancesandEnvironmentalEngineeringISSN:1093-4529(Print)1532-4117(Online)Journalhomepage:http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/lesa20CurrentperspectivesonunconventionalshalegasextractionintheAppalachianBasinDavidJ.Lam
2、pe&JohnF.StolzTocitethisarticle:DavidJ.Lampe&JohnF.Stolz(2015)CurrentperspectivesonunconventionalshalegasextractionintheAppalachianBasin,JournalofEnvironmentalScienceandHealth,PartA,50:5,434-446,DOI:10.1080/10934529.2015.992653Tolinktothisarticle:https://doi.org/10.1080/
3、10934529.2015.992653Publishedonline:03Mar2015.SubmityourarticletothisjournalArticleviews:2170ViewrelatedarticlesViewCrossmarkdataCitingarticles:12ViewcitingarticlesFullTerms&Conditionsofaccessandusecanbefoundathttp://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalC
4、ode=lesa20JournalofEnvironmentalScienceandHealth,PartA(2015)50,434–446Copyright©Taylor&FrancisGroup,LLCISSN:1093-4529(Print);1532-4117(Online)DOI:10.1080/10934529.2015.992653CurrentperspectivesonunconventionalshalegasextractionintheAppalachianBasin1,21,2DAVIDJ.LAMPEandJO
5、HNF.STOLZ1DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,DuquesneUniversity,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,USA2CenterforEnvironmentalResearchandEducation,DuquesneUniversity,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,USATheAppalachianBasinishometothreemajorshales,theUpperDevonian,Marcellus,andUtica.Together,theyc
6、ontainsignificantquantitiesoftightoil,gas,andmixedhydrocarbons.TheMarcellusaloneisestimatedtocontainupwardsof500trillioncubicfeetofnaturalgas.Theextractionofthesedepositsisfacilitatedbyacombinationofhorizontaldrillingandslickwaterstimulation(e.g.,hydraulicfracturing)or“fr
7、acking.”Theprocessoffrackingrequireslargevolumesofwater,proppant,andchemicalsaswellasalargewellpad(3–7acres)andanextensivenetworkofgatheringandtransmissionpipelines.Drillingcangenerateabout1,000tonsofdrillcuttingsdependingonthedepthoftheformationandthelengthofthehorizont
8、albore.Theflowbackandproducedwaters¡1thatreturntothesurfaceduringproductionarehighintotaldissolvedsolids
