软工专业术语(部分)

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1、软件工程部分专业术语表软件工程softwareengineeringSoftwareengineeringisanengineeringdisciplinethatisconcernedwithallaspectsofsoftwareproduction.软件software通用产品软件genericsoftwaredevelopedtobesoldtoarangeofdifferentcustomerse.g.PCsoftwaresuchasExcelorWord.用户定制软件customsoftwaredevelopedforasinglecustom

2、eraccordingtotheirspecification.软件属性softwareattributes可维护性maintainability可依赖性dependability有效性efficiency可用性usability/availabilityThisisacomplexpropertywhichisnotsimplydependentonthesystemhardwareandsoftwarebutalsodependsonthesystemoperatorsandtheenvironmentwhereitisused.可靠性reliabil

3、ityThisdependsonthereliabilityofsystemcomponentsandtherelationshipsbetweenthecomponents.可重用性（可复用性）ReusabilityCASE（computeraidedsoftwareengineering）计算机辅助软件工程CASEtoolsaresoftwaresystemswhicharedesignedtosupportroutineactivitiesinthesoftwareprocesssuchaseditingdesigndiagrams,checking

4、diagramconsistencyandkeepingtrackofprogramtestswhichhavebeenrun.软件过程softwaSoftwareprocessesaretheactivitiesinvolvedinproducingandevolvingasoftwaresystem.Theyarerepresentedinasoftwareprocessmodelreprocess可行性分析feasibilityanalysis需求分析requirementanalysis设计design总体设计systemdesign、详细设计de

5、taileddesign编码coding测试testing检验与有效性验证verification&validation维护maintenance总体特性emergentproperty软件过程softwareprocess需求和定义requirementsdefinition7系统和软件设计systemandsoftwaredesign实现和单元测试implementationandunittesting集成和系统测试integrationandsystemtesting运行和维护operationandmaintenance软件过程模型software

6、processmodelAsoftwareprocessmodelisanabstractrepresentationofaprocess.Itpresentsadescriptionofaprocessfromsomeparticularperspective软件生命周期模型softwarelifecyclemodel瀑布模型waterfallmodel原型模型prototypingmodel探索式开发exploratorydevelopment抛弃式原型throwawayprototyping增量模型、增量式开发incrementaldevelopme

7、nt螺旋模型spiralmodel喷泉模型fountainmodel变换模型和基于知识的模型等风险riskAriskisaprobabilitythatsomeadversecircumstancewilloccur.风险管理riskmanagementRiskmanagementisconcernedwithidentifyingrisksanddrawingupplanstominimisetheireffectonaproject.安全safety信息安全security结构化方法structuredmethod活动图activitychart/活动

8、网络activitynetwork条形图/甘特图barchart/