商务英语复习题6

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1、1)Whydomostbusinessesuseorganizationcharts?Answer:Organizationchartsclarifystructureandshowemployeeswheretheyfitintoafirm'soperations.Thesolidlinesdefinethechainofcommandorreportingrelationshipwithinthecompany.2)Whatelementsworktogethertodetermineanorga

2、nization'sstructure?Answer:Thechieffactorsworkingtogethertodetermineanorganization'sstructureareitsmissionandstrategy.3)Definejobspecialization.Answer:Jobspecializationistheprocessofidentifyingthespecificjobsthatneedtobedoneanddesignatingthepeoplewhowil

3、lperformthem.4)Atwhatmanageriallevelismostdecision-makingauthorityheldinacentralizedorganization?Answer:Inacentralizedorganization,mostdecision-makingauthorityisheldbyupper-levelmanagers.5)Defineaccountability.Answer:Accountabilityistheobligationemploye

4、eshavetotheirmanagerforthesuccessfulcompletionofanassignedtask.6)Whyisthematrixstructurereferredtoasa"combination"structure?Answer:Thematrixstructureisreferredtoasa"combination"structurebecauseitcombinestwoseparatestructureswithintheorganization.7Descri

5、bethestructuretypicallyfoundwithinavirtualorganization.Answer:Avirtualorganizationhaslittleornoformalstructure;typically,ithasonlyahandfulofemployeesandamodestadministrativefacility.165)Describealearningorganization.Answer:Alearningorganizationworkstofa

6、cilitatethelifelonglearningandpersonaldevelopmentofallofitsemployeeswhilecontinuallytransformingitselftorespondtochangingdemandsandneeds.8)Describewhatsizecompanywouldencourageintrapreneuring.Answer:Historically,mostinnovationshavecomefromindividualsins

7、mallbusinesses.Asbusinessesincreaseinsize,however,innovationandcreativitytendtobecomecasualtiesinthebattleformoresalesandprofits.Assuch,intrapreneuringismorecommonlyencouragedinlargercompanies.9)Explainwhereretailstoresderivedtheirgenericnameandwhy?Answ

8、er:Retailstoresactuallyderivetheirgenericname-departmentstores-fromthemannerinwhichtheyarestructured.10)Howdoesacentralizedorganizationdifferfromadecentralizedorganization?Answer:Inacentralizedorganization,mostdecision-makingauth