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1、FFIRS.qxd6/16/048:37AMPageivQuark03Quark03:DesktopFolder:Chapter-FM:October25,200415:0WSPC/BookTrimSizefor9inx6inblkhlphyANINTRODUCTIONTOBLACKHOLES,INFORMATION,ANDTHESTRINGTHEORYREVOLUTIONTheHolographicUniverseLeonardSusskind∗JamesLindesay†∗Permanentad
2、dress,DepartmentofPhysics,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA94305-4060†Permanentaddress,DepartmentofPhysics,HowardUniversity,Washington,DC20059October25,200415:0WSPC/BookTrimSizefor9inx6inblkhlphyviPublishedbyWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.5TohTuckLin
3、k,Singapore596224USAoffice:27WarrenStreet,Suite401-402,Hackensack,NJ07601UKoffice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEBritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ANINTRODUCTIONTOBLACKHOL
4、ES,INFORMATIONANDTHESTRINGTHEORYREVOLUTIONTheHolographicUniverseCopyright©2005byWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.Allrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereof,maynotbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording
5、oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepe
6、rmissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN981-256-083-1ISBN981-256-131-5(pbk)PrintedinSingapore.October25,200415:0WSPC/BookTrimSizefor9inx6inblkhlphyPrefaceItisnowalmostacenturysincetheyear1905,inwhichtheprincipleofrelativityandthehypothesis
7、ofthequantumofradiationwereintro-duced.Ithastakenmostofthattimetosynthesizethetwointothemodernquantumtheoryoffieldsandthestandardmodelofparticlephenomena.Althoughthereisundoubtablymoretobelearnedboththeoreticallyandexperimentally,itseemslikelythatweknow
8、mostofthebasicprincipleswhichfollowfromcombiningthespecialtheoryofrelativitywithquantummechanics.Itisunlikelythatamajorrevolutionwillspringfromthissoil.Bycontrast,inthe80yearsthatwehavehadthegeneraltheoryofrel-ativity,nothingcomparableh
