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ID:40554969
大小:2.24 MB
页数:256页
时间:2019-08-04
《3.The Quality of Petroleum Products-2009》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、Charpter3PetroleumProductsAijunDuan2009.111Petroleumproductsareoverthousands,inChinatheywereseperatedintosixtypes:Solvent&WaxothersCokeBitumenLubricantFuel2(1)FuelsIncludinggasoline,diesel,aviationKerosene(Aviationgasoline),otherenginefuelsandlightkerosene、fueloiletc。Thetotalamountsoff
2、uelcover80%ofthetotalpetroleumproducts,theenginefuelwasabout60%;dieselandgasolineratiois2:1。3(2)LubricantsIncludinglubricatingoilandlubricatinggrease,tobeusedinthemechanicalpartsforreducingfrictionandabrasion,controllingtheenergyexhaustandextendingthemechanicallife.~2%.Numerouskinds.(3
3、)PetroluembitumenUsinginthepavingroad,constructionandwater-proof,~3%.4(4)WaxSolidhydrocarbon,~1%。(5)CokeCarbonelectrodes,~2%。(6)Solventsandrawmaterialforthechemicalindustry~10%,includingethenefeedstock-lightoil,aromaticsandothersolvents51.GasolineØIntroductionØOperatingprincipleØProper
4、tiesØEffectfactorsofexhaustemissionØTheenvironmental&emissionlegislationofvehicle61.GasolineØProtectionmeasurestopetrolengineemissionpollutionØThetrendsofultracleangasolinequalityspecificationinforeigncountriesØThedevelopmentofgasolineadditives71.1introductionØBP:<200˚Cor180˚CC4~C11ØCo
5、mpositions:Paraffins,OlefinsandAromaticsØManufacture:BlendingmixtureStraightrun;Catalyticcracking;Catalyticreforming;Hydrocracking;AlkylationPolymerization&special-purposecomponents8(Anti-icingcompounds)1.2HOWITWORKS•1.2.1Operatingprincipleofgasolineengine:•Thegasolineengineisaninterna
6、lcombustionenginewithreciprocatingpiston.•Thechemicalenergyofthefuelisconverteddirectlyintomechanicalenergybyburningitinacombustionchamberwhichisanintegralpartofengine.91.2HOWITWORKS•Theengineoperatesbyformingapre-mixtureofgasolinewithairandthenignitingthisnearlychemicallycorrect(stoic
7、hiometric)mixturewithasparkpluginthecombustionchamber.101、汽油机的构造及工作原理IntakestrokeSparkingplugFuelinjectorIntakevalveBlastgateAir-fuelCombustionmixturechamberCrankshaftPiston11strokePistonmovestothePistonmovestothetopdeadcenterbottomdeadcenterSketchofthepistonmovementsfromthetopdeadce
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