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时间:2019-08-04
《Geoffrey Chaucer》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、GeoffreyChaucerca.1343--1400SocialBackgroundMedievalsocietywasmadeupofthree‘estates’Bythelate14thC,thesebasiccategorieswerelayeredintocomplex,interrelatedandunstablesocialstrataChaucer’slifeandhisworks,espTheCanterburyTaleswasprofoundlyinfluencedbytheseforces.OverseasIn
2、sperationdirectcontactwithItalianRenaissance.WriterslikeDante,Petrarch,Boccacciopresentedhimwithnewverseforms,newsubjectmatter,andnewmodesofpresentation.ConsolationofPhilosophyAmoralandreligiousworkbyBoethiusafavouritebookfortheMiddleAgesChaucer’sArtLongbeforeTheCanterb
3、uryTales,Chaucer’swritingswerealreadymanyfacetedMoreover,differentelementsarelikelytomixinthesameworkThisChauceriancomplexityowesmuchtothewiderangeofChaucer’slearningandhisexposuretonewliterarycurrentsontheContinentbutperhapsevenmoretohisspecialsocialpositionasacivilser
4、vant.TheCanterburyTalesTheoriginalplanprojectedabout120stories.Only22werecompleted.Theprilgrimnarratorsrepresentawidespectrumofranksandoccupations.InsomeTalesthereisafascinatingaccordbetweenthenarratorsandtheirstories。TheGeneralPrologueMostofthedetailsgivesomethingmoret
5、hanmereverisimilitudetothedescription.WhatuniquelydistinguishesChaucer’sprologuefromconventionalestatessatireisthesuppressioninallbutafewinstancesofovertmoraljudgement.EDMUNDSPENSER1552-1599CrucialPointsofLife*ThegreatestnondramaticpoetoftheElizabethanera.*Hebecameacqua
6、intedwithSirPhilipSidneyandhisfriendSirEdwardDyer.4TheShepheardesCalender*The12ecloguesofTheShepheardesCalenderaretitledforthemonthoftheyear.Eachisprefacedbyanillustrativewoodcutrepresentingthecharactersorthemeandpicturingtheappropriatesignofthezodiacforthatmonthinthecl
7、oudsabove.*TheecloguewasaclassicalformpractisedbyVirgilandothers,itpresents,usuindialoguebetweenshepherds,themoodsandfeelingsandattitudesofthesimple,rurallife.Butoftentheecloguecriticizestheworldasitisagainsttheidealizedpastoralworld.SoasinotherRenaissancepoets,theeclog
8、ueattimesbecameadidacticorsatiricalcommentoncontemporaryaffairs.*InTheShepheardesCalender,Spenserusedadelibera
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