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ID:40515242
大小:755.21 KB
页数:19页
时间:2019-08-03
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1、2015年职称英语新增文章试题加答案EvenancientEgyptsEvenancientEgyptsmightypyramidbuilderswerepowerlessinthefaceofthefaminethathelpedbringdowntheircivilianaround2180BC.NowevidencegleanedfrommuddepositedbytheRiverNilesuggeststhatashiftinclimatethousandsofkilometerstothesouthwasultimatelytoblem--an
2、dthesameorworsecouldhappentoday. TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNilesannualfloodstoirrigatetheircrops.ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoonssouthwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavediminishedthesefloods. DwindlingrainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeantfewerplantstoestabli
3、shthesoil.WhenraindidfallitwouldhavewashedlargeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgypt,alongwithsedimentfromtheWhiteNile. TheBlueNilemudhasadifferentisotopesignaturefromthatoftheWhiteNile.SobyanalyzingisotopedifferencesinmuddepositedintheNileDelta,MichaelKromofleedsUniversitywo
4、rkedoutwhatproportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver. Kromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdrought,theamountoftheBlueNilemudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh.Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiods,from4,500to4,200yearsago,immediatelypredatesthefalloftheEgyptsOldKingdom. Theweakenedwaterswo
5、uldhavebeencatastrophicfortheEgyptians.Changesthataffectfoodsupplydonthavetobeverylargetohavearippleeffectinsocieties,saysBillRyanoftheLamontDohertyEarthObservatoryinNewYork. Similareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastating,saysteammemberDanielStanley,ageoarchaeologistfromtheSmithso
6、nianInstitutioninWashington,D.C..AnythinghumansdotoshifttheclimatebeltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystembecausethepopulationshaveincreaseddramatically. 1.Whydoestheauthormentionpyramidbuilders? A.becausetheyonceworkedmiracles. B.becausetheywerewell-built C.becauset
7、heywereactuallyveryweak D.becauseeventheywereunabletorescuetheircivilization19/19 2.WhichofthefollowingfactorswasultimatelyresponsibleforthefallofthecivilizationofancientEgypt? A.Changeofclimate B.famine C.food D.populationgrowth 3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue? A.T
8、heWhiteNileisthetrunkoftheRiverNile B.T
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