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1、TheHubble-TelescopeODtidFailureRewrtNovember1930NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationTneHubbleSpaceTelescopeOpticalSystemsFailureReportNovember1WNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationDr.LewAllen,ChairmanDirector,JetPropulsionLaboratoryLDr.~o~erhinge1ProfessorofAstro
2、nomy,StewardObservatoryUniversityofArizona~ead,Optics~raa,~~ac2~echnolo~~DivisionNASMGoddardSpaceFlightCenter~rxeorgeA.~odne~AAssociateAdministratorforSafetyandMissionQualityNASAHeadquartersProfessorRobertR.ShannonDirector,OpticalSciencesCenterUniversityofArizonaMr.Charles
3、P.spoelh&VicePresident(Retired),EastmanKodakCompanyTheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)waslaunchedaboardtheSpaceShuttleDiscoveryonApril24,1990.Duringcheckoutonorbit,itwasdiscoveredthatthetelescopecouldnotbeproperlyfocusedbecauseofaflawintheoptics.TheHSTProjectManagerannouncedthisf
4、ailureonJune21,1990.Bothofthehigh-resolutionimagingcameras(theWideFieldplanetaryCameraandtheFaintObjectCamera)showedthesamecharacteristicdistortion,calledsphericalaberration,thatmusthaveoriginatedintheprimarymirror,thesecondarymirror,orboth.TheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAd
5、ministration(NASA)AssociateAdministratorfortheOfficeofSpaceScienceandApplicationsthenformedtheHubbleSpaceTelescopeOpticalSystemsBoardofInvestigationonJuly2,1990,todeterminethecauseoftheflawinthetelescope,howitoccurred,andwhyitwasnotdetectedbeforelaunch.TheBoardconductedits
6、investigationtoincludeinterviewswithpersonnelinvolvedinthefabricationandtestofthetelescope,reviewofdocumentation,andanalysisandtestoftheequipmentusedinthe.fabricationofthetelescope'smirrors.TheinformationinthisreportisbasedexclusivelyontheanalysesandtestsrequestedbytheBoar
7、d,thetestimonygiventotheBoard,andthedocumentationfoundduringthisinvestigation.Continuedanalysisofimagestransmittedfromthetelescopeindicatedthatmost,ifnotall,oftheproblemliesintheprimarymirror.TheBoard'sinvestigationofthemanufactureofthemirrorprovedthatthemirrorwasmadeinthe
8、wrongshape,beingtoomuchflattenedawayfromthemirror'scenter(a.0.4-wavermswavefronterrorat63