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1、Anal.Chem.2002,74,45-51RapidMicrofluidicMixingTimothyJ.Johnson,*,†DavidRoss,‡andLaurieE.Locascio*,†AnalyticalChemistryDivisionandProcessMeasurementsDivision,NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,100BureauDrive,Stop8394,Gaithersburg,Maryland20899-8394ApreformedT-microchann
2、elimprintedinpolycarbonatesufficientlengths.ThisapproachmaybeacceptablefordeviceswaspostmodifiedwithapulsedUVexcimerlaser(KrF,thatonlyutilizelowflowrates,buthigherflowrates(1cm/s)or248nm)tocreateaseriesofslantedwellsatthejunction.lowanalytediffusioncoefficients(<10-7cm/s2)wit
3、hinasystemThepresenceofthewellsleadstoahighdegreeoflateralwillrequireexcessivelylongmixingchannels.transportwithinthechannelandrapidmixingoftwoThesmallchannelsizesandthelackofturbulenceinmicrof-confluentstreamsundergoingelectroosmoticflow.Severalluidicsystemshasledtothedevelo
4、pmentandpublicationofmixerdesignswerefabricatedandinvestigated.Allde-severalªpassiveºorªstaticºmixerdesigns,oftenoperatingundersignswererelativelysuccessfulatlowflowrates(0.06pressure-drivenflow.Forgas-phasemixing,Gobbyetal.12cm/s,g75%mixing),buthadvaryingdegreesofsuccessdesc
5、ribedthemixingcharacteristicswithinvariousT-channelathighflowrates(0.81cm/s,45-80%mixing).Fordesignsanddiscussedtheincreaseinmixingperformancewhenexample,onedesignoperatingathighflowrateswasablethetwofluidsarethrottledatthepointofconfluence.Forliquid-tosplitanincomingfluoresc
6、entstreamintotwostreamsphasemixing,Liuetal.13reportedona3Dserpentinechannelofvaryingconcentrationsdependingonthenumberofthatachievedmixingthroughchaoticadvection,amechanismthatslantedwellspresent.Thefinalmixerdesignwasabletobecomesmoreeffectiveastheflowrateincreases(Ref70).Th
7、eovercomestreamsplittingathighflowrates,anditwasmostcommonlyreportedliquid-phasemixingdesignsthatareshownthatthetwoincomingstreamswere80%mixedeffectiveatlowerflowrates(Ref1)utilizemultilamina,orflowwithin443ímoftheT-junctionforaflowrateof0.81splitting,techniques.14-18Thesedes
8、ignssplittheincomingstreamscm/s.Withoutthepresenceofthemixerandatthe