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1、非谓语动词1.性质:它具有动词的特点,但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用,充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用,即:除谓语以外的一切成分。非谓语动词2.形式不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语.分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语。一动词不定式TheInfinitive(todo……)不定式的作用不定式的时态不定式的语态不定式1.主语2.宾语3.宾语补足语4.表语5.定语6.状语
2、1.______(talk)withhimisagreatpleasure.2.______(help)othersisourduty.TotalkTohelp3.如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的,可以在不定式前加一个由for引起的短语,构成不定式的复合结构。2.不定式作主语时,可以用it作形式主语.Itisourdutytohelpothers4.Itis+adj+forsbtodo……Itis+adj+ofsbtodo………4.Itisimportant______Tomtogetthatj
3、ob.Itiskind______youtohelpmewithmyforof1.不定式作主语:3.Itiseasy______________________(学生读)(adj:kind,good,nice,wise,unwise,clever,silly,stupid,foolish,careless,rude,polite,naughty(修饰人的形容词)(修饰物的形容词)1.单个不定式作主语,谓语动词单数forthestudentstoread.1.Herworkis______(look
4、)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsingHuaUniversity.3.Sheseemed______(think)abouttheproblem.4.Theyappeared_______(agree)withwhatwesaid.tolooktogotothinktoagree2.不定式作表语不定式作be动词的表语时可以和主语部分调换,说明主语的内容。:want,demand,hope,wish,expect,fail,help,offer,ma
5、nage,pretend,promise,prepare,learn,agree,plan,determine,prefer,intend.1.Theywanted________(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?2.Hesaidhewished__________(be)aprofessor.3.Iagreed__________(go)therewiththedoctor.4.Hehadpromised________(give)meahand.togettobetogotog
6、ive3.不定式作宾语:1.Hefound_______________Russian.(study/important)2.Thecomputermakes____________________(possible/calculatefaster)如作宾语的不定式有自己的补语,须用先行词it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语不定式后置。有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的动词有itimportanttostudyitpossibletocalculatefaster.句式:Subject+v+it+ad
7、j/n+todo……think,find,feel,consider,make1.Heseldomcomesexcept___atmypictures.(look)2.Wehavenochoicebut_____outside.(wait)3.Theycoulddonothingbut___forhelp.(ask)不定式一般不能作介词的宾语,只有在极少数介词如:but,except等后才行,此时不定式可带to或不带to。注意tolooktowaitask5看(lookat,see,watch,n
8、otice,observe)3使(make,let,have);2听(listento,hear);1感觉(feel)。1.Theteachermadetheboy__(go)outoftheclassroom2.Weobservedthem____(finish)thework3.Hewasmade___(tell)astory4.Letus__(have)arest.5.Theteachergotthestudents____(hand)inhomework.“吾看三室两厅一感