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1、IEEETRANSACTIONSONPOWERSYSTEMS,VOL.21,NO.4,NOVEMBER20061821PowerManagementStrategiesforaMicrogridWithMultipleDistributedGenerationUnitsF.Katiraei,Member,IEEE,andM.R.Iravani,Fellow,IEEEAbstract—Thispaperaddressesrealandreactivepowerman-comparedwithalargeinterconnectedgrid.Thereasonsareag
2、ementstrategiesofelectronicallyinterfaceddistributedgenera-1)presenceofmultiplesmall-DGunitswithsignificantlytion(DG)unitsinthecontextofamultiple-DGmicrogridsystem.differentpowercapacitiesandgenerationcharacteristics,2)TheemphasisisprimarilyonelectronicallyinterfacedDG(EI-DG)presenceofno
3、dominantsourceofenergygenerationduringunits.DGcontrolsandpowermanagementstrategiesarebasedonlocallymeasuredsignalswithoutcommunications.Basedonthere-autonomousmodeofoperation,and3)fastresponseofelec-activepowercontrolsadopted,threepowermanagementstrate-tronicallyinterfacedDG(EI-DG)units
4、,whichcanadverselygiesareidentifiedandinvestigated.Thesestrategiesarebasedonaffectvoltage/anglestabilityifappropriateprovisionsarenot1)voltage-droopcharacteristic,2)voltageregulation,and3)loadinplace.reactivepowercompensation.TherealpowerofeachDGunitisThemicrogridPMSassignsrealandreactiv
5、epowerref-controlledbasedonafrequency-droopcharacteristicandacom-plimentaryfrequencyrestorationstrategy.AsystematicapproacherencesfortheDGunitsto1)efficientlysharereal-/reac-todevelopasmall-signaldynamicmodelofamultiple-DGmicro-tive-powerrequirementsofloadsamongtheDGunits,2)grid,includin
6、grealandreactivepowermanagementstrategies,isquicklyrespondtodisturbancesandtransientsduetothealsopresented.Themicrogrideigenstructure,basedonthedevel-changesinthesystemoperatingmode,3)determinethefinalopedmodel,isusedto1)investigatethemicrogriddynamicbe-powergenerationset-pointsoftheDGun
7、itstobalancepowerhavior,2)selectcontrolparametersofDGunits,and3)incorporatepowermanagementstrategiesintheDGcontrollers.Themodelisandrestorefrequencyofthesystem,and4)provideameansforalsousedtoinvestigatesensitivityofthedesigntochangesofpa-re-synchronizationoftheautonomousmicrogr
