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1、1Information-theoreticallySecretKeyGenerationforFadingWirelessChannelsChunxuanYe†,SuhasMathur‡,AlexReznik†,YogendraShah†,WadeTrappe‡andNarayanMandayam‡AbstractThemultipath-richwirelessenvironmentassociatedwithtypicalwirelessusagescenariosischar-acterizedbyafadingchannelresponset
2、hatistime-varying,location-sensitive,anduniquelysharedbyagiventransmitter-receiverpair.Thecomplexityassociatedwitharichlyscatteringenvironmentimpliesthattheshort-termfadingprocessisinherentlyhardtopredictandbestmodeledstochastically,withrapiddecorrelationpropertiesinspace,timean
3、dfrequency.Inthispaper,wedemonstratehowthechannelstatebetweenawirelesstransmitterandreceivercanbeusedasthebasisforbuildingpracticalsecretkeygenerationprotocolsbetweentwoentities.Webeginbypresentingaschemebasedonlevelcrossingsofthefadingprocess,whichiswell-suitedfortheRayleighand
4、Ricianfadingmodelsassociatedwitharichlyscatteringenvironment.Ourlevelcrossingalgorithmissimple,andincorporatesaself-authenticatingmechanismtopreventadversarialmanipulationofmessageexchangesduringtheprotocol.Sincethelevelcrossingalgorithmisbestsuitedforfadingprocessesthatexhibits
5、ymmetryintheirunderlyingdistribution,wepresentasecondandmorepowerfulapproachthatissuitedformoregeneralchannelstatedistributions.ThissecondapproachismotivatedbyobservationsfromquantizingjointlyGaussianprocesses,butexploitsempiricalmeasurementstosetquantizationboundariesandaarXiv:
6、0910.5027v1[cs.CR]27Oct2009heuristicloglikelihoodratioestimatetoachieveanimprovedsecretkeygenerationrate.WevalidateManuscriptfirstsubmittedtotheIEEETransactionsonInformationForensicsandSecurityon23February,2009.†InterDigitalCommunications,LLC,KingofPrussia,PA19406,USA.E-mail:{chu
7、nxuan.ye,alex.reznik,yogendra.shah}@interdigital.com‡WINLAB,RutgersUniversity,671Route1South,NorthBrunswick,NJ08902,USA.E-mail:{suhas,trappe,narayan}@winlab.rutgers.eduS.Mathur,W.TrappeandN.MandayamaresupportedinpartbybyNSFgrantCNS-0626439andDARPAgrantW31P4Q-07-1-002Portionsofth
8、isworkhavebeenpreviouspresentedattheIEEEInterna