单元语法定语从句复习

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1、单元语法:定语从句（attributiveclause）一、定语从句定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词有关系代词who,that,which,whom,whose关系副词when,where,why等。关系代词关系副词一般置于先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句，指代先行词，并在从句中充当句子成分的三重作用。关系单词和关系副词的选用关键看该关系副词或代词在从句中做什么成分。限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，是整个句子不可缺少的部分，从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开。如去掉，句子意思不完整。Idon’tl

2、ikethosewhoalwaysthinkofthemselves.非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系较疏散，从句只是对先行词的附加补充说明。去掉从句，句子意思仍然清楚。主从句之间用逗号隔开。Mr.Brown,whojustcamefromBritainyesterday,willteachusbiography.分隔定语从句：通常情况下，定语从句的关系代词或副词紧跟在先行词之后，但有时为了保持句子平衡，关系代词或副词也可与其修饰的先行词分离，成为分隔定语从句。Thetimecameatlastwhenwewenttoseetheexhibiti

3、on.Thedayisnotfaroffwhenpeoplecantravelunderthesea.二、关系代词关系副词的基本用法关系代、/副词的选用1)Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.3)Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.4)Doyouknowthestudentwhosename(thenameofwhom)isWangYu?5)TheletterthatIreceive

4、dwasfrommyfather.6)Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)welivedlastyear.7)Thisisthemuseum(which/that)wevisitedlastweek.8)Iwon’tforgetthetimewhen(duringwhich)westayedinthecountryside.9)Iwon’tforgetthetime(which/that)wespentinthecountryside.10)Thereasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslatewasthathemissedthetr

5、ain.11)Thereason(that/which)hegaveforhisbeinglatewasnottrueatall.That：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，指人或物(含时间，地点)；Who/whom：在从句中作主语或宾语，指人；Which：在从句中作主语或宾语，指物(含时间，地点)；Whose：在从句中作定语，指“某人的”或“某物的”，whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich/ofwhom；When：在从句中作时间状语，指“在某个时间”，when=介词+whichWhere：在从句中作地点状语，指“在某地”，where=介词+whichWhy：

6、在从句中原因状语，指原因“为什么”，why=forwhich三、定语从句的考点1、关系代词为that、which时只用that的情况：81.ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.2.HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.3.Allthatwehavetodoistopracticeeveryday.4.Thereislittleworkthatyoucando.5.Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschoo

7、l.6.Whoisthewomanthatyoushookhandswithjustnow.7.Sheisnolongerthegirlthatshewasbeforeshewenttothecountry.8.Theysecretlybuiltasmallfactorywhichproducesthingsthatcausepollution.总结：1先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时，只能用that。2先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时，只能用that。3先行词为不定代词如all,little,few,much,

8、none,anythin