Urban Economics, Lectures 2011

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1、LecturesonUrbanEconomicsLecturesonUrbanEconomicsJanK.BruecknerTheMITPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,England©2011MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans(includingphotocopying,recor

2、ding,orinformationstorageandretrieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Forinformationonspecialquantitydiscounts,emailspecial_sales@mitpress.mit.edu.SetinPalatinobyToppanBest-setPremediaLimited.PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.LibraryofCongressCatal

3、oging-in-PublicationDataBrueckner,JanK.Lecturesonurbaneconomics/JanK.Brueckner.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-262-01636-0(pbk.:alk.paper)1.Urbaneconomics.I.Title.HT321.B782011330.09173'2—dc22201100652410987654321ContentsPrefaceix1WhyCitiesEx

4、ist11.1Introduction11.2ScaleEconomies21.3AgglomerationEconomies51.4TransportCostsandFirmLocation101.5TheInteractionofScaleEconomiesandTransportationCostsintheFormationofCities161.6RetailAgglomerationandtheEconomicsofShoppingCenters181.7Summary202AnalyzingUrbanSpatial

5、Structure232.1Introduction232.2BasicAssumptions252.3CommutingCost262.4ConsumerAnalysis272.5AnalysisofHousingProduction332.6PopulationDensity392.7IntercityPredictions422.8Summary503ModificationsoftheUrbanModel513.1Introduction513.2ACitywithTwoIncomeGroups513.3Commuting

6、byFreeway563.4AddingEmploymentOutsidetheCBD573.5DurableHousingCapital613.6CitiesinDevelopingCountries653.7Summary68viContents4UrbanSprawlandLand-UseControls694.1Introduction694.2EmpiricalEvidenceontheSpatialSizesofCities704.3MarketFailuresandUrbanSprawl734.4Behaviora

7、lImpactsofUrbanSprawl804.5UsingLand-UseControlstoAttackUrbanSprawl804.6OtherTypesofLand-UseControls844.7Summary895FreewayCongestion915.1Introduction915.2CongestionCosts925.3TheDemandforFreewayUse955.4TrafficAllocations:EquilibriumandSocialOptimum995.5CongestionTolls10

8、45.6ChoiceofFreewayCapacity1105.7ApplicationtoAirportCongestion1125.8Summary1146HousingDemandandTenureChoice1156.1Introduction1156.