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时间:2017-11-25
《噪音暴露与听力损伤》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、中国工业医学杂志2001年10月第14卷第5期ChineseJIndMedOct2001,Vol.14No.5·263·两种测量方法评价稳态噪声暴露与高频听力损伤的剂量-反应关系1221成小如,陈山松,李玉秦,赵一鸣(1.北京大学第三医院,北京100083;2.郑州市职业病防治研究所,河南郑州450053)摘要:目的比较环境噪声水平、个体噪声暴露和累积噪声暴露量评价稳态噪声所致听力损伤剂量-反应关系的优劣。方法用个体计量仪采集8小时工作期间挡车工的噪声暴露数据,并将数据传输至微机存储和分析。选择细纱、布机车间使用不同类型机器的4组工人作为观察对
2、象,每组选择3~5人,分别在早、中、晚班各测量1个班次的个体噪声暴露数据;用网格法和普通声级计测量每组工人工作环境的噪声水平,同时对该纺织厂接触稳态噪声的163名工人进行了问卷和听力检查。结果经年龄、性别校正后的高频听力损伤患病率为64.4%;语频听力损伤患病率为2.5%,其中高频听力损伤患病率随噪声暴露的剂量增大而升高,呈现典型的剂量-反应关系。经趋势卡方检验和Logistic回归模型拟合,累积噪声暴露量评价剂量-反应关系的效果优于噪声级,个体噪声暴露的效果优于环境噪声水平。结论个体噪声暴露和累积噪声暴露量是评价稳态噪声暴露与高频听力损伤剂量
3、-反应关系最好的暴露评价指标。关键词:个体计量仪;高频听力损伤;语频听力损伤;累积噪声暴露量;Logistic回归模型中图分类号:R135;TB53文献标识码:A文章编号:1002-221X(2001)05-0263-03Dose-responserelationshipforcontinuousnoiseinducedhighfrequencyhearinglosswithtwodifferentnoisemeasurementsandassessmentsintextileworkers1221CHENGXiao-ru,CHENShan-s
4、ong,LIYu-qin,ZHAOYi-ming(1.ThirdHospitalofPekingUniversity,Beijing100083,China;2.InstituteofoccupationalDiseasesinZhengzhouCityofHenanProvince,Zhengzhou,450053,China)Abstract:ObjectiveComparingdose-responserelationshipforcontinuousnoiseinducedhearinglosswithsoundpressureleve
5、l,LAeq.8handcumulativenoiseexposure.MethodsFourgroupsoftextileworkersweredesignedasinvestigatingsubjects,threetofiveworkerswereselectedtomeasureLAeq.8hwithdosimeterforeachgroupineachshiftworkday.LAeq.1minweremeasuredwithsoundlevelmeterandlatticesamplingmethodinsameworkshops.
6、Questionnaireandhearingmeasurementwerecarriedoutinthe163textileworkers.ResultsTheadjustedprevalenceofhighfrequencynoiseinducedhearingloss(HFNIHL)was64.4%(105/163),andtheadjustedprevalenceoflowfrequencynoiseinducedhearinglosswas2.5%(4/163).TheprevalenceofHFNIHLwasincreasedinh
7、ighernoiseexposuregroups,thatmeanstherewasatypicaldose-responserelationshipfornoiseinducedHFNIHLinthecontinuousnoiseexposurepopulation.Trendchi-squareandlogisticmodelanalysisshowedthatcumulativenoiseexposure(CNE)andLAeq.8hassessmentmodelwasbetterthanothermodelsbydose-respons
8、eassessment.ConclusionCNEandLAeq.8hassessmentmodelisoneofthebestpotentialca
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