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1、专题技能突破(7)阅读理解之指代对象题【技能讲解】 “代词指代对象题”解题技巧——语境线索法,对于考查代词指代对象的试题，通常要根据上下文语境来猜测代词的含义。首先要了解代词指代的是名词、短语、句子还是人物、时间或行为，然后找到离该词最近的名词、短语或句子，因为它们最有可能是被代替的内容。若就近找不到答案，可以根据文章的线索向上寻找，直到找到指代的对象为止。注意，代词指代的对象一般不在下文，因此只需往上文找即可。找到可能正确的指代内容后可代入原文，进行验证，如内容恰当，即为正确答案。典例剖析1.[2015·浙江高考，C篇
2、]Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal(夜间活动的)speciesonthisplanet.Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun'slight.Thisisabasicevolutionary
3、fact,eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe'vedonetothenight:We'veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight....QWhatdoes“it”(Paragraph1)mostprobablyreferto?A．Thenight. B．Themoon.C．Thesky.D．Theplanet.[答案] A
4、指代判断题。根据第一段中的“eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe'vedonetothenight:We'veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithnight.”可知，事实上，虽然我们并不承认自己是白昼生物，但很多时候我们总是用光来照亮夜晚，故此处it指代前面的“thenight”。故选A项。2．[2015·湖南高考，A篇]．..Cyclistsj
5、umponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),rideatspeedalongthepavements,andthinktheyhaveaspecialrighttogothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred.Iwasalmostknockeddownrecentlybyacyclistridingonthepavementwhentherewasacyclelanerightnexttohim.Otherroadusers,incl
6、udinghorseriders,managetoobeytherulessowhynotcyclists?It'sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbetracedandtheremightbeanopportunitytoclaim.——JMLWritetoViewpointsofthenewspaper.4QTheunderline
7、dword“they”inthethirdletterrefersto________.A．accidentsB．vehiclesC．pedestriansD．cyclists[答案] D 指代判断题。根据第三封信第一段第一句的主语“Cyclists”可知，该信主要是对骑自行车者的抱怨和建议；结合画线词所在句中的“theyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident”可知，骑自行车者应该注册登记并购买保
8、险，这样当他们撞上行人或车辆，引发事故时，可以被查出，承担责任。由此可推知，“they”指代的是“cyclists”。故D项正确。3．[2015·福建高考，B篇]．..Papa,asasonofadirtpoorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,foreduc
