词汇学terms结实考试专用

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1、Acronymyistheprocessofformingnewwordsbyjoiningtheinitiallettersofcompositenamesofsocialandpoliticalorganizationsorphrasesusedastechnicalterms.Affectivemeaningexpressesthespeaker’sattitudetowardsthepersonorthinginquestion.Thismeaningcanbeoverlyandexplic

2、itlyconveyedsimplybythechoiceoftherightwordsasmanyhaveemotivecontentinthemselves.Affixesareformsthatareattachedtowordsorwordelementstomoodilymeaningorfunction.Allaffixesareboundmorphemesbecausenoneofthemcanstandaswordsintheirownright.Aliensareborrowedw

3、ordswhichhaveretainedtheiroriginalpronunciationandspelling.Thesewordsareimmediatelyrecognizableasforeigninorigin.Antonymycanbedefinedaswordswhichareoppositeinmeaning.Therearedifferentformsofoppositeness.Languageandsemanticistsclassifyantonymyintodiffer

4、entcategoriesusingterminology.Argotreferstoaspecializedlanguagethatisusedbyalargegroupwithinaculturetodefinetheboundariesoftheirgroupfromotherswhoareinamorepowerfulpositioninsociety.Associationmeaningisthesecondarymeaningsupplementedtotheconceptualmean

5、ing.Itdiffersfromtheconceptualmeaninginthatitisopen-endedandindeterminate,liabletotheinfluenceofsuchfactorsasculture.Back-formationisconsideredtobetheoppositeprocessofsuffixation.Backformationisthemethodofcreatingwordsbyremovingthesupposedsuffixes,soca

6、lledbecausemanyoftheremovedendingsarenotsuffixesbutinseparablepartsofthewords.BoundmorphemesMorphemeswhichcannotoccurasseparatewordsarebound.Theyareboundtoothermorphemestoformwordsortoperformaparticulargrammaticalfuncation.Boundmorphemesarechieflyfound

7、inderivedwords.Concatenation,literallymeaning‘linkingtogether’,isthesemanticprocessinwhichthemeaningofawordmovesgraduallyawayfromitsfirstsignificationbysuccessiveshiftsofmeaninguntil.Itinvolvesshiftsofmeaning.Conceptualmeaningismeaninggiveninthediction

8、aryandformthecoreofwordmeaning.Beingconstantandrelativelystable,conceptualmeaningformsthebasisforcommunicationasthesamewordgenerallyhasthesameconceptualmeaningtoallthespeakersinthesamespeechcommunity.Connotativemeaningreferstotheoverton