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ID:38682577
大小:62.88 KB
页数:29页
时间:2019-06-17
《外文翻译-中英文对照AVR单片机》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、AVRCPUCoreIntroductionThissectiondiscussestheAVRcorearchitectureingeneral.ThemainfunctionoftheCPUcoreistoensurecorrectprogramexecution.TheCPUmustthereforebeabletoaccessmemories,performcalculations,controlperipherals,andhandleinterrupts.ArchitecturalOverviewFigure3.BlockDiagramoftheAVRMCUArch
2、itectureInordertomaximizeperformanceandparallelism,theAVRusesaHarvardarchitecture–withseparatememoriesandbusesforprogramanddata.Instructionsintheprogrammemoryareexecutedwithasinglelevelpipelining.Whileoneinstructionisbeingexecuted,thenextinstructionispre-fetchedfromtheprogrammemory.Thisconce
3、ptenablesinstructionstobeexecutedineveryclockcycle.TheprogrammemoryisIn-SystemReprogrammableFlashmemory.Thefast-accessRegisterFilecontains32x8-bitgeneralpurposeworkingregisterswithasingleclockcycleaccesstime.Thisallowssingle-cycleArithmeticLogicUnit(ALU)operation.InatypicalALUoperation,twoop
4、erandsareoutputfromtheRegisterFile,theoperationisexecuted,andtheresultisstoredbackintheRegisterFile–inoneclockcycle.Sixofthe32registerscanbeusedasthree16-bitindirectaddressregisterpointersforDataSpaceaddressing–enablingefficientaddresscalculations.Oneofthetheseaddresspointerscanalsobeusedasa
5、naddresspointerforlookuptablesinFlashProgrammemory.Theseaddedfunctionregistersarethe16-bitX-,Y-,andZ-register,describedlaterinthissection.TheALUsupportsarithmeticandlogicoperationsbetweenregistersorbetweenaconstantandaregister.SingleregisteroperationscanalsobeexecutedintheALU.AfterFlashProgr
6、amMemoryInstructionRegisterInstructionDecoderProgramCounterControlLines32x8GeneralPurposeRegistrersALUStatusandControlI/OLinesEEPROMDataBus8-bitDataSRAMDirectAddressingIndirectAddressingInterruptUnitSPIUnitWatchdogTimerAnalogComparatorI/OModule2I/OModule1I/OModulen9ATmega16(L)2466N–AVR–10/06
7、anarithmeticoperation,theStatusRegisterisupdatedtoreflectinformationabouttheresultoftheoperation.Programflowisprovidedbyconditionalandunconditionaljumpandcallinstructions,abletodirectlyaddressthewholeaddressspace.MostAVRinstructionshaveasingle16-bi
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